Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze ukuthunyelwa: kuvumelanisiwe futhi okungavumelanisiwe. Kulesi sihloko, sizodlula zombili izigaba ezinkulu zokuthutha ngamaloli angama-semi. Ngaleyo ndlela, unolwazi olungcono lwezinhlobo zama-gearbox amakhulu wamaloli okuthengisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizoxoxa ngama-automatic kanye nama-manual transmissions. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wazi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, ngoba lokhu kungase kuthinte ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo okudingeka ulusebenzise elolini lakho. Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, kufanele ube nolwazi olungcono ngalesi sihloko.
I-synchronous transmission yeloli isebenza ngaphansi komakhenikha obufanayo njenge-clutch transmission evamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-clutch izobamba lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-pedal futhi ayikhulule lapho umshayeli ekhulula i-pedal. Ngandlela thize, lokhu kufana nesistimu ye-clutch yemoto. Ukuze ugcine imoto inyakaza, i-clutch kufanele ibanjwe. Ngenxa yokuthi injini ye-diesel inamandla amaningi, i-clutch ingakwazi ukusebenza ngesandla, kuyilapho ezinye izinjini zikadizili zinamandla alinganiselwe atholakalayo uma i-clutch ibamba, okudinga ukusetshenziswa koketshezi olushintshayo.
Izinzuzo zama-automatic transmissions ukuthi zinikeza ukonga uphethiloli ophezulu kanye nokusheshisa okuphezulu. Futhi zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane, azidingi izinguquko zikawoyela, futhi ziletha ukulawula okuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, okubi kakhulu ukuthi abashayeli kufanele bakhonze amayunithi abo njalo, okungadla isikhathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ugesi oshintshwayo uwonga kakhulu uphethiloli futhi uletha ukusheshisa okukhulu nesivinini esiphezulu.
Isibonelo esisodwa sokudluliswa kweloli i-semi-automatic, noma i-semi-analog, ukuthunyelwa. Lawa mayunithi awasebenzisi i-clutch kodwa kunalokho athembele ekesini lokudlulisa kanye nemidwebo yesikhathi ukuze aqondise ukudluliswa kwamandla phakathi kokudluliswa kwenjini nenjini. Icala lokudlulisa lichaza ukuthi injini iwathola kanjani amandla, kuyilapho umdwebo wesikhathi utshela injini ukuthi iwathumela kanjani amandla ku-axle. Abanikazi bamaloli abaningi bakhetha umshini ozishintshayo ngoba abadingi ukushintsha amagiya; badinga nje ukushintsha amagiya. Ukuhanjiswa okwenziwa ngesandla, nokho, kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kunozakwabo abazenzakalelayo.
Ukuhanjiswa Kwezimoto Zokuhweba
Olunye uhlobo lokudluliselwa kweloli iloli elicindezela inkinobho. Lawa mayunithi asadinga umshayeli ukuthi asebenzise i-clutch, kodwa azimele ngokwawo. I-automatic transmission idinga iloli uqobo kuphela, kanti iloli le-push lidinga kokubili iloli kanye nokudluliselwa. Amanye alawa mayunithi abuye abizwe ngokuthi amayunithi “abambekile”, ngenxa nje yokuthi i-clutch ayifuni ukusebenzelana lapho iloli lihamba.
Kumaloli akhiqizwe ngenjongo yokuthengisa, uhlobo oludume kakhulu lokudluliswa kwamaloli i-shift actuator elawulwa ikhompuyutha. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-shift mechanism etholakalayo, futhi lunikeza ukonga kukaphethiloli okuhle kakhulu. I-shift actuator yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi ibambe iqhaza kuphela uma umshayeli enza umnyakazo odingekayo ngesiteringi. Isebenzisa ingqondo ukubona isivinini umshayeli ashayela ngaso, bese i-actuator inqamula i-clutch. Ngenxa yalokhu kunengqondo, ukudluliswa kwe-othomathikhi kunikeza ukonga kukaphethiloli okungcono kune-transmission manual engakwazi ukuhlinzeka.
Ama-transmission amaningi asebenza ngendlela efanayo. Umehluko phakathi kweloli nemoto yiqiniso lokuthi injini yeloli isebenza njengomshini omncane. Ngenxa yalokhu, sincane indawo yokuthi uketshezi oludlulisayo lugeleze enjinini, futhi uketshezi alukwazi ukudlula kusihlungi sokudlulisela. Ngenxa yalokho, uketshezi oludluliswayo lufakwa endaweni yenjini lapho lusebenza khona njengesithambiso senjini. Lapho kwenziwa i-shift, uketshezi oludlulisayo lushintsha amagiya endaweni yenjini ukuze lugcine uketshezi lusendaweni, bese i-shift iqala yonke inqubo futhi. Le nqubo eqhubekayo iyona evumela ukudluliswa ukuthi kugcine amazinga afanelekile oketshezi futhi kuthuthukise ukonga kukaphethiloli.
Yize umshayeli weloli elincane kungeke kudingeke ukuthi ashayele imoto nsuku zonke, i-semi-loli lisabhekene nokuguga nokukhala. Ngaso sonke isikhathi, umshayeli weloli elincane kuzodingeka ukuthi amise umgodi ukuze alungise imoto yakhe. Uma umshayeli weloli engakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi wenjini ngesikhathi ebuya, kungase kudingeke ukuthi imoto ibhekwe umakhenikha oqeqeshiwe. Ngenxa yezindleko ezihilelekile ekushintsheni ukuthutha, abantu abaningi abakubheki njengezindleko ezidingekayo kuze kube yilapho sebekudinga. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi abashayeli bazijwayeze nomsebenzi wokuhanjiswa kwemoto yabo ukuze bangabi nezimanga abangazilindele ngesikhathi beshayela. Nakuba abantu abaningi bezokwazi ukuqonda kalula ukuthi i-semi truck transmission isebenza kanjani, kusenabantu abambalwa abazodinga ukubonisana nomuntu onolwazi olunzulu ngama-semi trucks ukuze agcinwe kahle.