Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa imiyoboro: guhuza no kudahuza. Muri iyi ngingo yihariye, tuzareba ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi byohereza amakamyo. Muri ubwo buryo, urumva neza ubwoko bwingenzi bwa garebox yamakamyo yubucuruzi. Mubyongeyeho, tuzaganira kubijyanye no kohereza no gukoresha intoki. Ni ngombwa cyane ko umenya itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri, kuko ibi bishobora guhindura ubwoko ukeneye gukoresha mumodoka yawe. Mugusoza iyi ngingo, ugomba kumenyeshwa neza kuriyi ngingo.
Ikamyo ikomatanya ikorera munsi yubukanishi bumwe nogukwirakwiza bisanzwe. Ibi bivuze ko clutch izitabira mugihe umushoferi akandagiye kuri pedal akayirekura mugihe umushoferi arekuye pedal. Muburyo bumwe, ibi bisa na sisitemu yo guhuza imodoka. Kugirango imodoka ikomeze, clutch igomba gusezerana. Kuberako moteri ya mazutu ifite imbaraga nyinshi, clutch irashobora gukoreshwa nintoki, mugihe moteri zimwe za mazutu zifite ingufu nkeya ziboneka mugihe iyo clutch ikoreshejwe, bisaba gukoresha amazi yohereza byikora.
Ibyiza byo kohereza byikora ni uko bitanga ubukungu bwa peteroli kandi byihuta. Barasaba kandi kubungabunga bike, ntibasaba impinduka zamavuta, no gutanga igenzura ryiza. Nyamara, imbogamizi nini nuko abashoferi bagomba gukorera kenshi ibice byabo, bishobora gutwara igihe. Kurundi ruhande, intoki zohereza zikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi zitanga umuvuduko mwinshi kandi wihuta.
Urugero rumwe rwo kohereza amakamyo ni igice-cyikora, cyangwa kimwe cya kabiri, cyohereza. Ibi bice ntibikoresha clutch ahubwo byishingikiriza kumurongo woherejwe hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyigihe cyo kuyobora ihererekanyabubasha hagati ya moteri na moteri. Ihererekanyabubasha ryerekana uburyo moteri yakira imbaraga, mugihe igishushanyo cyigihe kibwira moteri uburyo bwo kohereza ingufu kumurongo. Benshi mu bafite amakamyo bakunda kohereza mu buryo bwikora kuko badakeneye guhindura ibikoresho; bakeneye gusa guhindura ibikoresho. Ihererekanyabubasha, ariko, ryizewe kandi risaba kubungabungwa kuruta bagenzi babo bakora.
Kohereza ibinyabiziga byubucuruzi
Ubundi bwoko bwo kohereza amakamyo ni ikamyo yo gusunika. Ibi bice biracyasaba umushoferi kwishora, ariko birihagije rwose. Ihererekanyabubasha ikenera ikamyo ubwayo, mugihe ikamyo yo gusunika ikamyo isaba ikamyo hamwe nogutwara. Bimwe muribi bice byitwa kandi "kwizirika", gusa kuberako clutch idashaka kwishora mugihe ikamyo igenda.
Ku makamyo akorerwa mu bucuruzi, ubwoko bwamamaye bwamakamyo ni mudasobwa igenzurwa na mudasobwa. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo guhinduranya uburyo buboneka, kandi butanga ubukungu bwiza bwa peteroli. Shift actuator yateguwe kuburyo ikora gusa mugihe umushoferi akora urugendo rukenewe hamwe na ruline. Ikoresha logique kugirango imenye umuvuduko umushoferi atwara, hanyuma actuator ihagarika clutch. Kubera iyi logique, itumanaho ryikora ritanga ubukungu bwiza bwa peteroli kuruta kohereza intoki byashobora gutanga.
Imiyoboro myinshi ikora muburyo busa. Itandukaniro riri hagati yikamyo n imodoka nukuri ko moteri yikamyo ikora nkimashini ntoya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hari umwanya muto wo gutembera gutembera muri moteri, kandi amazi ntashobora kunyura muyungurura. Nkigisubizo, amazi yoherejwe ashyirwa mumashanyarazi aho ikora nka lisansi ya moteri. Iyo shift ikozwe, amazi yohereza ahindura ibikoresho mumashanyarazi kugirango agumane amazi, kandi shift itangira inzira yose yongeye. Iyi nzira ihoraho niyo ituma ihererekanyabubasha rigumana urugero rwiza rwamazi no kuzamura ubukungu bwa peteroli.
Nubwo umushoferi w'ikamyo ashobora kuba atagomba gutwara ikinyabiziga buri munsi, ikamyo yikamyo iracyafite imyenda myinshi. Kenshi na kenshi, umushoferi w'ikamyo igice agomba guhagarika umwobo kugirango akore ibinyabiziga byabo. Niba umushoferi w'ikamyo adashoboye kubona moteri yabo mugihe bagarutse, barashobora gukenera kureba imodoka yumukanishi wabigize umwuga. Kubera amafaranga yakoreshejwe muguhindura imiyoboro, abantu benshi ntibabona ko ari amafaranga akenewe kugeza babikeneye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa ko abashoferi bamenyera imikorere yimodoka yabo kugirango batazagira ikintu gitunguranye batwaye mugihe batwaye. Nubwo abantu benshi bazashobora kumva byoroshye uburyo ikwirakwizwa ryamakamyo ikora, haracyari abantu bake bazakenera kugisha inama umuntu ufite uburambe hamwe namakamyo ya kabiri kugirango abungabunge neza.