igbo
Nkọwa ngwaahịa
Nkọwapụta
A na-eji coal eme ihe n'ụzọ bụ isi dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala. Ọ bụ ezie na a mara coal ma jiri ya mee ihe kemgbe ọtụtụ puku afọ, ejiri ya mee ihe ruo mgbe mgbanwe mgbanwe mmepụta ihe. Site n'ichepụta injin uzuoku, oriri coal mụbara.[Ikwu okwu] Na 2020, coal wetara ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ike bụ isi n'ụwa na ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ọkụ eletrik ya. Ụfọdụ ígwè na ígwè na usoro mmepụta ihe ndị ọzọ na-ere ọkụ.
Mwepụta na iji kol na-ebute ọnwụ na ọrịa akaghi aka. Ojiji nke coal na-emebi gburugburu ebe obibi, ọ bụkwa isi iyi nke carbon dioxide kacha ukwuu na-enye aka na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ijeri iri na anọ nke carbon dioxide ka a na-ebute site na kol na-ere ọkụ na 2020, nke bụ 40% nke mkpokọta mmanụ ọkụ [8] na ihe karịrị 25% nke mkpokọta ikuku ikuku griin haus zuru ụwa ọnụ. Dị ka akụkụ nke mgbanwe ike zuru ụwa ọnụ, ọtụtụ mba ebelatala ma ọ bụ kpochapụ ojiji ha na-eji ike coal eme ihe. Onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations jụrụ ndị gọọmentị ka ha kwụsị ịrụpụta ihe ọkụkụ ọhụrụ site na 2020. Iji coal zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ijeri tọn 8.3 na 2022. Ọchịchọ coal zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-anọgide na ọkwa ndekọ na 2023. Iji mezuo ebumnuche Paris Agreement nke idobe okpomọkụ ụwa n'okpuru. Ojiji nke 2 Celsius C (3.6 Celsius F) kwesịrị ibelata site na 2020 ruo 2030, ma kwenye na coal "na-agbadata" na nkwekọrịta ihu igwe Glasgow.
Onye na-azụ ahịa na onye na-ebubata kol na 2020 bụ China, nke na-akpata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara mmepụta coal kwa afọ, India sochiri ya ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri. Indonesia na Australia na-ebupụ kacha, Russia na-esote ya.
Ngwaahịa ndị emetụtara
Na 1985, Datong Locomotive Works ghọtara na eletriki locomotives bụ ihe dị mkpa mmepe ntụziaka nke China ụgbọ okporo ígwè locomotive na Rolling ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ n'ọdịnihu, na-etinye n'ihu mmepụta okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu echiche nke "Nanzhu (Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works) na Datong Locomotive Ọrụ".
Shaoshan Ụdị 3 eletriki locomotive bụ mba m nke abụọ ọgbọ 6-axle njem na ibu locomotive. Locomotive na-anakwere mmezi ụdị akwa mmiri zuru oke ma na-achọpụta ụkpụrụ voltaji dị nro na-achịkwa usoro thyristor. The locomotive nakweere otu-phase AC 25kV 50Hz voltaji sistemu na nwere kacha arụ ọrụ ọsọ nke 100km / h.
Igwe ọkụ eletrik dị arọ nke SS3B edoziri bụ locomotive eletriki ebu ibu 12-axle. Ọ nwere locomotives abụọ yiri 6-axle jikọtara ya na igwe nrụnye na windshield. Akụkụ abụọ a na-eji usoro eletriki eletrik arụ ọrụ, eriri njikwa, na nchekwa netwọk. Line na ikuku usoro ducts. Enwere ike ijikwa ụgbọ ala ahụ n'otu oge site na ụgbọ ala ọ bụla. Locomotive na-anabata sistemu ike ugboro otu nkeji, voltaji 25kV, nnyefe AC-DC, yana oke ọsọ nke locomotive bụ 100km / h.
Locomotive eletriki nke Shaoshan 4 kwalitere bụ locomotive ibu ibu 8-axle. Locomotive ahụ nwere locomotives abụọ yiri axle anọ jikọtara ya na igwe na-ejikọ ya na ikuku ikuku. Ụlọ ọrụ abụọ ahụ nwere njikọ njikọ dị elu maka usoro eletriki eletrik, eriri nchịkwa na-ejikọta na ụgbọ mmiri na-achịkwa usoro breeki ikuku. Enwere ike ijikọ ụgbọ ala ahụ niile site na ụgbọ ala nke ọ bụla n'ime ụgbọ ala ahụ. Enwere ike ikewapụ locomotives abụọ ahụ ma jiri onwe ha mee ihe dị ka locomotive anọ.