English
Both coal and coconut shell-based activated carbon are primarily produced through a steam activation process, which involves heating to produce char. The production process includes pyrolysis, a superheating process where the raw material, such as coconut shells or coal, is transformed into char. This is followed by a fluidization process in a Fluidized Bed Reactor (FBR), where the carbon is steam activated. The FBR typically consists of a rotary kiln, approximately 20 meters long and 2.4 meters in diameter, in which the carbon is activated at temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees Celsius (1800 F).
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The production process allows for the targeting of various types, sizes, and performance characteristics of the activated carbon. This is achieved through carefully selected raw materials, activation temperature, activation time, and by varying the concentration of the oxidation gases. Following steam activation, the activated carbon can be sorted into different granular sizes using various mesh sizes. Additionally, the production of activated carbon can generate valuable by-products such as syngas and bio-oil, contributing to the overall sustainability of the process.
Coal-based activated carbon can be produced in both granular and pelletized form using different methods. Granular carbon is produced using various mesh sizes, while pelletized carbon is formed using extruder machines. The pelletized form is particularly suitable for air treatment applications due to its larger sizes, which are less prone to generating dust at high air flows, making it an ideal choice for air filtration systems.
In addition to granular and pelletized forms, coal-based activated carbon can also be manufactured as agglomerated carbon. In this process, different coals are produced as powder (less than 40 micrometers) and undergo a pressing procedure to produce briquettes. The final product is then broken down to the desired granular or pelletized particle size, followed by further processing and activation.
The production of coal-based activated carbon involves a series of carefully controlled processes to ensure the desired characteristics and performance are achieved. The versatility of the production methods allows for the creation of tailored solutions to meet specific filtration needs across various industries and applications.
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