Senyesemane
Re bitsa carbon activated kapa activated charcoal ke mofuta oa carbon o nang le masoba a motsotsoana a tlaase ho potoloha bokaholimo ba oona. Li-pores tsena tsa metsotso li fa thepa ena sebaka se seholo. Ha e le hantle, sebaka se ka holimo sa carbon activated se seholo hoo teaspoon ea carbon activated e ka bang le sebaka se lekanang le lebala la bolo ea maoto. Metsotso ena ea li-pores e sebetsa joalo ka bokaholimo ba tšebetso ea lik'hemik'hale. Ntle le moo, ba thusa khabone e kentsoeng ho bapalla mefuta e mengata ea lik'hemik'hale. Lintho tsena li etsa hore khabone e kentsoeng e be molemo haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng. Ho betere le ho feta, khabone e kentsoeng e ka fumana kalafo ea lik'hemik'hale ho ntlafatsa haholo bokhoni ba eona ba ho bapatsa.
Lintlha tsa Sehlahisoa
Tlhaloso ea Sehlahisoa
Lintho tse phelang ha li chesoa li ne li tla hlahisa carbon. Ho theha k'habone e kentsoeng, lintho tse tsoang mohloling oa lintho tse phelang li tlameha ho ba carbonaceous. Ka mantsoe a mang, u hloka mohloli oa thepa o hlahisang mashala a mangata ha a chesoa. Lisebelisoa tse ling tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang ho etsa mashala a kentsoeng li kenyelletsa khetla ea coconut, sawdust, patsi, bamboo, peat ea moluoane, coir, likoti tsa perekisi, sekontiri sa peterole le mashala. Hang ha thepa ena e chesitsoe u fumana mashala. Leha ho le joalo, mashala ana ha a e-so be activated carbon. Ba hloka ho kena ts'ebetsong ea "ts'ebetso" ho theha limilione tsa li-pores tse nyane ka holim'a eona. Ho fihlela joale, ho na le mekhoa e 'meli feela ea "ts'ebetso"; ho kenya tshebetsong mocheso kapa dikhemikhale.
Joalo ka ha u ka hakanya ka lebitso la eona, ts'ebetso ea mocheso e kenyelletsa ts'ebeliso ea mocheso ho theha masoba ka holim'a carbon kapa mashala. E le ho nepahala haholoanyane, carbon kapa mashala a pepesehela likhase tse chesang le mouoane. Ts'ebetso eohle ea ts'ebetso ea mocheso e kenyelletsa phokotso ea mongobo, phokotso ea li-volatiles, carbonization le kalafo ea mouoane. Likhase tse sebelisoang ho kenya tšebetsong mocheso li kenyelletsa carbon, nitrogen, kapa argon.
Ho kenya tšebetsong lik'hemik'hale, hape ho tsoa lebitsong ka bolona, ho sebelisa lik'hemik'hale ho etsa li-pores tsa motsotsoana tsa khabone. Pele lintho tse phelang li fetoha k'habone. Lik'hemik'hale, hangata setsi se matla, asiti, kapa letsoai, li kenngoa linthong tse phelang. Ha lintho tse entsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale tse entsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale li chesoa ho etsa mashala, u fumana mashala a kentsoeng kapa carbon activated.
Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, carbon activated e sebelisoa mefuteng e mengata ea likopo ka lebaka la sebaka sa eona se seholo. Tšebeliso e 'ngoe e tloaelehileng ea Activated Carbon ke ka har'a li-filters. Ha mokelikeli kapa moea o kopana le khabone e entsoeng ka activated, li-pores tsa motsotsoana tse ka holim'a eona li ka tšoara le ho tšoasa limolek'hule tse teng mokelikeling kapa moeeng. Limolek'hule tsena e ka ba eng kapa eng, ho kopanyelletsa le lintho tse silafatsang, empa eseng metsi kapa moea. Ha e le hantle, Activated Carbon e khona ho bapatsa lik'hemik'hale tse sa rateheng tse teng moeeng le metsing. Ntle le moo, Activated Carbon e ka sebetsa e le ntho e susumetsang kapa e khothalletsang liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale. Mohlala, chlorine ke sebolaea likokoana-hloko se kopantsoeng le metsi empa ha se kopana le k'habone e kentsoeng li ne li tla itšoara ka eona ebe e hlahisa li-ion tsa chloride e le sehlahisoa. Thepa ena ea Activated Carbon e etsa hore e be sesebelisoa se loketseng ho tlosa chlorine metsing.
Activated Carbon e na le bokhoni ba ho felisa mefuta e mengata e silafatsang moeeng le metsing. Leha ho le joalo, bokhoni ba eona ba ho tlosa litšila tsena bo angoa haholo ke lintlha tse kang bongata ba lintho tse silafatsang tse teng, mocheso, acidity, le nako ea ho kopana. Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea carbon activated 'me e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e loketse morero o itseng ha e bapisoa le e meng kaofela. Mefuta eo ea Activated Carbon e nang le masoba a batlang e le kholoanyane e loketse ho ts'oara limolek'hule tse kholo le tse boima joalo ka lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhaho. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mefuta eo ea carbon activated e nang le li-pores tse ntle e loketse ho bapatsa litšila tse nyane le tse bobebe. Ho tseba hore na ke k'habone efe e kentsoeng ho sebelisoa ho nolofalloa ke bahlahisi kaha hangata ba ne ba e beha ka bokhoni ba bona ba papatso.
Lihlahisoa tse Amanang
Ka 1985, Datong Locomotive Works e ile ea hlokomela hore li-locomotives tsa motlakase e ne e le tataiso ea bohlokoa ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea literene tsa China le li-stock stock nakong e tlang, 'me ea hlahisa mohopolo oa tlhahiso ea "Nanzhu (Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works) le Datong Locomotive Works".
Terene ea motlakase ea Mofuta oa 3 ea Shaoshan ke moloko oa bobeli oa naha ea heso oa li-axle tse 6 le terene ea thepa. Locomotive e amohela tokiso ea maqhubu a maqhubu a borokho 'me e hlokomela taolo e boreleli ea motlakase e laoloang ke mohato oa thyristor. Locomotive e nka karolo e le 'ngoe ea tsamaiso ea motlakase ea AC 25kV 50Hz mme e na le lebelo le phahameng la ho sebetsa la 100km/h.
Setimela sa motlakase se tsitsitseng sa SS3B ke seporo sa motlakase sa 12-axle. E na le li-locomotives tse peli tse tšoanang tsa 6-axle tse hokahaneng ke coupler le windshield. Likarolo tsena tse peli li na le likhokahano tsa motlakase tse phahameng haholo, lithapo tsa taolo le tšireletso ea marang-rang. Litsela tsa tsamaiso ea mela le moea. Koloi kaofela e ka laoloa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho tsoa ho k'habi efe kapa efe. Locomotive e sebelisa tsamaiso ea maqhubu a motlakase oa mohato o le mong, motlakase oa 25kV, phetisetso ea AC-DC, 'me lebelo le phahameng la ho sebetsa la locomotive ke 100km/h.
Terene ea motlakase ea Shaoshan 4 e ntlafalitsoeng ke terene e tsamaisang thepa ea 8-axle. Terene e na le literene tse peli tse ts'oanang tse nang le li-axle tse 'nè tse hokahaneng ke li- coupler le windshield. Lithupelo tsena tse peli li na le likhokahanyo tse matla haholo bakeng sa sistimi ea motlakase, likhoele tsa taolo ea ho hokela hape le likotopo tsa taolo ea brake system. Koloi kaofela e ka laoloa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho tsoa ho mokhanni oa koloi efe kapa efe ea likoloi. Li-locomotives tse peli le tsona li ka aroloa 'me tsa sebelisoa ka boikemelo joalo ka terene ea li-axle tse' nè.