Zulu
Ikhabhoni ecushiwe noma amalahle acushiwe iyisici esinezimbotshana esivalela izinhlanganisela, ngokuyinhloko eziphilayo, ezikhona kugesi noma oketshezini. Lokhu ikwenza ngempumelelo kangangokuthi iyindawo yokuhlanza esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabantu.
Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo
Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlanganisela eziphilayo zitholakala kumetabolism yezinto eziphilayo, futhi isakhiwo sazo esiyisisekelo siqukethe amaketanga e-carbon ne-athomu ye-hydrogen. Lokhu kufaka phakathi zonke izinto eziphuma emhlabeni wezitshalo nezilwane, okuhlanganisa i-petroleum nezinhlanganisela ezitholakala kuyo.
Impahla ye-solid ukunamathela i-molecule egelezayo ezindongeni zayo ibizwa ngokuthi "adsorption". Okuqinile kubizwa ngokuthi "adsorbent" kanye ne-molecule, "adsorbate".
Ngemuva kokuhlunga, okuhlose ukugcina okuqinile oketshezini, ayikho inqubo eyodwa yokuhlanza enezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kunekhabhoni ecushiwe.
Qhubeka ufunda lo mhlahlandlela ophelele ukuze wazi ukuthi kanjani ikhabhoni ecushiwe isebenza, izinhlelo zayo eziyinhloko, futhi uma ufunda kuze kube sekugcineni uzothola ithebula eliphelele elinezinkomba ezihlokweni eziqondene nesici ngasinye sekhabhoni ecushiwe. Izihloko esizokhuluma ngazo zimi kanje:
1. Yini ikhabhoni ecushiwe?
2. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe isetshenziselwa ini?
3. Ingatholakala kuphi ikhabhoni ecushiwe?
4. Isebenza kanjani ikhabhoni ecushiwe?
5. Yiziphi izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingatholwa ikhabhoni ecushiwe?
6. Ikhoba likakhukhunathi namalahle
7. Amalahle amaminerali.
8. Iyini i-adsorption yekhabhoni ecushiwe?
9. Isebenza kanjani ikhabhoni ecushiwe ekukhishweni kwe-chlorine?
10. Iluphi uhlobo lwekhabhoni ecushiwe olufaneleka kakhulu ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi?
11. Iluphi uhlobo lwekhabhoni ecushiwe olufaneleka kakhulu ukuhlanza umoya namagesi?
Isetshenziselwa ini ikhabhoni ecushiwe?
● Ukuhlanza amanzi.
(ikhabhoni igcina izibulala-zinambuzane, amagrisi, uwoyela, okokuhlanza, imikhiqizo ekhipha amagciwane, ubuthi, izinhlanganisela ezikhiqiza imibala, izinhlanganisela ezisuka ekuboleni kolwelwe nezitshalo noma ekusetshenzisweni komzimba kwezilwane…).
● Ukuqeda iphunga nokuhlanza umoya.
Isibonelo: kuma-cartridge respirators, amasistimu okubuyisela umoya kabusha ezindaweni zomphakathi, ama-drain vents nezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi, amadokodo okufaka upende, izikhala ezigcina noma ezifaka izincibilikisi zemvelo.
● Ukwelashwa kwabantu abadakwe kakhulu.
Amalahle acushiwe abhekwa "njenge-antidote yendawo yonke", futhi asetshenziswa emakamelweni aphuthumayo nasezibhedlela.
● Ukucwenga ushukela.
Amalahle agcina amaprotheni anika umbala kujusi kamoba; inhloso eyinhloko yale nqubo ukuvimbela ushukela ukuthi ungabili futhi ubole.
● Ukushintsha umbala kwamafutha emifino.
(njengokhukhunathi). I-corn glucose nezinye iziphuzo ezihloselwe ukudla.
● Ukushintsha umbala nokuqeda iphunga lophuzo oludakayo.
(okufana namawayini wamagilebhisi kanye nama-distillates anoma yimuphi umsuka)
● Ukuthola igolide.
Igolide elingeke lihlukaniswe kumaminerali ngezinqubo ze-flotation lincibilika ku-sodium cyanide futhi likhangiswe kukhabhoni ecushiwe.
Imikhiqizo Ehlobene
Ngo-1985, i-Datong Locomotive Works yabona ukuthi izitimela zikagesi zaziyisiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwesitimela sesitimela saseChina kanye nemboni yamasheya esikhathini esizayo, futhi yabeka phambili umbono wokukhiqiza we-"Nanzhu (Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works) kanye ne-Datong Locomotive Works".
Isitimela sikagesi sohlobo 3 lwe-Shaoshan siyisizukulwane sesibili sezwe lami esithwala abantu abangu-6 kanye nesitimela sempahla. I-locomotive isebenzisa ukulungiswa kwegagasi eligcwele kohlobo lwebhuloho futhi ibona ukulawulwa kwe-voltage ebushelelezi elawulwa yisigaba se-thyristor. Isitimela sithatha isigaba esisodwa se-AC 25kV 50Hz voltage system futhi sinesivinini sokusebenza esiphezulu esingu-100km/h.
I-SS3B fixed heavy-duty electric locomotive iyisitimela esithwala impahla esingu-12-axle. Iqukethe izitimela ezimbili ezifanayo ezinama-axle angu-6 axhunywe i-coupler kanye ne-windshield. Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zifakwe izixhumi zesistimu kagesi ezinamandla kagesi, izintambo zokulawula, nokuvikela inethiwekhi. Amapayipi okulawula ulayini nomoya. Imoto yonke ingalawulwa ngendlela efanayo kunoma iyiphi i-cab. Isitimela sithatha i-single- phase power frequency system, i-voltage engu-25kV, i-AC-DC transmission, kanti isivinini esikhulu sokusebenza sesitimela singu-100km/h.
Isitimela sikagesi esithuthukisiwe i-Shaoshan 4 iyisitimela esithwala impahla esingu-8-axle. Isitimela siqukethe izitimela ezimbili ezifanayo ezinama-axle amane axhunywe i-coupler kanye ne-windshield. Lezi zindawo zokusebenzela ezimbili zifakwe izixhumi ezinamandla kagesi aphezulu, izintambo zokulawula ukuxhuma kabusha kanye namapayipi okulawula amabhuleki emoyeni. Imoto yonke ingalawulwa ngokuhambisanayo ukusuka kukhabhu yomshayeli yanoma iyiphi enye yezimoto. Izitimela ezimbili nazo zingahlukaniswa futhi zisetshenziswe ngokuzimela njengesitimela esinama-axle amane.