Nceda
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Ikhabhoni esebenzayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-activated charcoal, sisixhobo esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kwaye esixabiseke kakhulu esisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngeempawu zawo ezingaqhelekanga. Iveliswa ngokufudumeza izinto ze-carbonaceous, ezifana neenkuni, amalahle, okanye i-coconut shells, kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu ngokungabikho komoya. Le nkqubo idala uthungelwano lwee-pores kunye nommandla ophezulu, ukunika ikhabhoni esebenzayo iimpawu zayo ezizodwa.
Enye yezinto eziphambili zekhabhoni esebenzayo kukuphuhliswa kwayo kwee-mesopores, eziyi-pores ezinobubanzi phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-50 nanometers. Ezi mesopores zonyusa kakhulu umthamo we-adsorption wemathiriyeli, ukuyivumela ukuba ibambe ngokufanelekileyo ubumdaka kunye nezingcolisi ezivela kuzo zombini iigesi kunye nolwelo. Oku kwenza ikhabhoni esebenzayo ibe licandelo elibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokucoca ukucocwa kogutyulo lwasezidolophini, amanzi okusela, kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso.
Ukongeza kubume bayo be-mesoporous, ikhabhoni evuliweyo inamandla amakhulu omatshini, iyenza ukuba imelane neemfuno zomzimba zezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Olu kuqina luqinisekisa ukuba lunokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokucoca kunye nokucoca ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo ngexesha.
Ngaphaya koko, ikhabhoni evuliweyo idume ngomthamo wayo owomeleleyo we-adsorption, esisisiphumo sommandla wayo omkhulu kunye nesakhiwo esinemingxuma ephezulu. Esi sixhobo se-adsorption sivumela ukuba sitsale kwaye sigcine uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingcolileyo, ezibandakanya i-organic compounds, i-volatile organic compounds (VOCs), i-chlorine, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo eziqhelekileyo ezifumaneka emanzini nasemoyeni.
Ngaphezu koko, i-carbon activated ngumthombo ovuselelekayo, njengoko unokuhlaziywa kwaye usetyenziswe kwakhona ngeenkqubo ezifana nokuvuselelwa kwe-thermal okanye ukuvuselelwa kweekhemikhali. Oku kwenza kube sisisombululo esizinzileyo sokuhlanjululwa kunye neenkqubo zokulungisa, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo jikelele yokulawulwa kwenkunkuma kunye neenkqubo zonyango.
Lilonke, indibaniselwano eyodwa yee-mesopores, amandla omatshini aphezulu, amandla okuthengisa anamandla, kunye nokuhlaziywa kwenza ikhabhoni esebenzayo ibe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekujonganeni nongcoliseko kunye nemingeni yongcoliseko kwiindawo zasedolophini nakwimizi-mveliso. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ekususeni ukungcola kunye nokungcola kwigesi kunye nemijelo yamanzi kwenza kube yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye namanyathelo ezempilo yoluntu kwihlabathi jikelele.
Iimveliso ezinxulumeneyo
Ngo-1985, i-Datong Locomotive Works yaqaphela ukuba ii-locomotives zombane yayiyeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yophuhliso lwe-locomotive kaloliwe wase-China kunye noshishino lwempahla yempahla kwixesha elizayo, kwaye yabeka phambili ingcamango yoyilo lwemveliso ye "Nanzhu (iZhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works) kunye neDatong Locomotive Works".
I-Shaoshan Type 3 locomotive yombane sisizukulwana sesibini selizwe lam labakhweli abane-asi e-6 kunye nelocomotive yempahla. I-locomotive ithatha ibhulorho-uhlobo olupheleleyo ukulungiswa kwamaza kwaye iqonda ukulawulwa kombane ogudileyo wesigaba se-thyristor. I-locomotive ithatha i-single-phase ye-AC 25kV 50Hz inkqubo yombane kwaye inesantya esiphezulu se-100km / h.
I-SS3B egxininisiweyo ye-locomotive yombane enzima yi-12-axle yomthwalo we-locomotive yombane. Iqulethe iilocomotives ezimbini ezifanayo ezine-axle ezi-6 ezidityaniswe yi-coupler kunye ne-windshield. La macandelo mabini axhotyiswe ngesixokelelwano sombane esine-voltage ephezulu, iintambo zokulawula, kunye nokukhusela inethiwekhi. Imibhobho yokulawula umgca kunye nomoya. Isithuthi sonke sinokulawulwa ngolungelelwano kuyo nayiphi na i-cab. I-locomotive ithatha inkqubo ye-frequency power frequency system, i-voltage 25kV, i-AC-DC transmission, kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokusebenza kwi-locomotive yi-100km / h.
I-locomotive yombane i-Shaoshan 4 yi-8-axle yokuthutha impahla. I-locomotive inee-locomotive ezimbini ezifanayo ezine-axle ezine ezidityaniswe yi-coupler kunye ne-windshield. Ezi workshops zimbini zixhotyiswe ngeziqhagamshelo eziphezulu ze-voltage zenkqubo yombane, iintambo zokulawula ukudibanisa kwakhona kunye nemigudu yokulawula i-air brake system. Isithuthi siphela sinokulawulwa ngolungelelwano ukusuka kwikhebhu yomqhubi wayo nayiphi na enye yezithuthi. Izitimela ezimbini zinokwahlulwa kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokuzimeleyo njenge locomotive ene-axle ezine.