1. 1.Imveliso yenyama efanisiweyo

Xa kuthelekiswa neprotein yezilwanyana, ukuveliswa kweprotheyini yezinambuzane kubangela umthwalo omncinci wokusingqongileyo, iindleko zokutya, kunye nokuveliswa kwegesi ye-greenhouse. Ke ngoko, ukuphuhlisa iprotein yezinambuzane njengenye indawo yenyama yexesha elizayo sesinye sezisombululo zokujongana nokukhula kwabemi kwixesha elizayo kunye nokuthotywa kokusingqongileyo.

Ukusebenzisa umgubo womthubi womgubo womgubo, umgubo womthubi otyebileyo, okanye iprotein yentshulube etyheli endaweni yenyama yezilwanyana kwiimveliso zenyama kunokunqanda ukuchaswa kwabathengi kwi-morphology yezinambuzane ezikhokelela kwizigqibo zokusetyenziswa. U-Orkusz uhlolisise kwaye uthelekise ixabiso lezondlo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zenyama kunye nezinambuzane, kwaye wafumanisa ukuba inambuzane kunye nemveliso yenyama inomxholo weprotheyini efanayo, umxholo we-amino acid obalulekileyo, kunye nomxholo obalulekileyo we-fatty acid, yonke into enokubonelela ngezondlo eziyimfuneko kumzimba womntu. Ukongeza, izinambuzane zinokubonelela ngevithamin C kunye nefiber yokutya.

UCho kunye noRyul bongeza umgubo womsundu otyheli kwiprotein esekwe kwimveliso yenyama eyenziweyo, enesiseko esine-65% yomgubo wesoya egayiweyo, i-25% yeprotein yesoya isolate, kunye ne-10% yesitatshi sombona. I-Yellow mealworm yongezwa kwi-15% kunye ne-30% yesithako esisisiseko, kwaye inyama efanisiweyo yafunyanwa nge-twin-screw extrusion. Umgubo womsundu otyheli wonyusa ukunyibilika kweprotheyini, ukugaywa, kunye nomsebenzi wokulwa ne-antioxidant, kodwa yehla iimpawu zokuthungwa kwenyama eyenziweyo.

Oku kunokuba buthathaka kobudlelwane bemolekyuli ngaphakathi kuthungelwano lweprotein yesoya ngomgubo otyheli womgubo womgubo, ofana nesiphumo sokongeza umgubo womgubo omthubi kuthungelwano lwegluten. Xa kuthelekiswa nemathiriyeli ekrwada eyomisiweyo yombungu otyheli, ezomisiweyo kunye ne-microwave ezomisiweyo zombungu otyheli ekrwada zinevumba elingcono, elinokuba kungenxa yokusabela kweMaillard okwenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu.

2. 2.Ukusetyenziswa kweoli yomthubi

Njengesinambuzane esinomxholo we-oyile eninzi, iintshulube ezityheli zomgubo aziboneleli kuphela ngeprotein eninzi kodwa zinokusetyenziselwa ukukhupha ioyile yomthubi, ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa indlela yokutsalwa kwe-solvent.

Ukubunjwa kwe-fatty acid yeoli kuboniswe kwiThebhile 3, equlethe umxholo ophezulu we-unsaturated fatty acids, kunye ne-oleic acid kunye ne-linoleic acid eyona nto ininzi. Isiqulatho sevithamin E kwioyile yeentshulube etyheli elinganiswa ngu Son et al. yi-144.3 mg / 1000g yeoli, ephezulu kuneoli eninzi ephuma kwizilwanyana kwaye ingaphantsi kancinci kunomxholo we-vitamin E kwiioli zezityalo. Jeon et al. Ufunde isiphumo sokuqhotsa kwi-200 ℃ imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwi-15 kwi-oyile yomthubi womgubo waze wafumanisa ukuba ukuqhotsa kungawenza nzulu umbala we-oyile kwaye kwandise umxholo we-oleic acid kunye ne-tocopherol.

Ioyile yomsundululu eqhotsiweyo ibonise uzinzo olungcono lwe-oyile oxidation, enokuthi ibe ngenxa yeemveliso ze-Maillard reaction eziveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqhotsa eneempawu ezithile ze-antioxidant.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kweprotein yentshulube etyheli: Umgubo ocoliweyo womthubi womgubo uyacocwa ngakumbi ukuze ufumane iprotein yombungu omthubi. Uphononongo lwangaphambili lulinganise ukunyibilika, iipropathi zokuthambisa, iipropathi ezinogwebu, kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo zeemveliso ze-hydrolysis zeprotein ye-yellow mealworm. Yoo et al. ulungiselele i-hydrolysates yeeprotheni zezinambuzane ezifana neprotein ye-yellow mealworm esebenzisa i-flavour enzymes, i-alkaline proteases, okanye umxube wezo zimbini.

Bafumanise ukuba ukunyibilika kwandiswe kakhulu emva kwe-hydrolysis ngeendlela ezininzi ze-enzymatic, ngelixa amandla ogwebu ancitshiswa. Unyango lwe-enzyme ye-flavour luphucule kakhulu umsebenzi we-emulsifying kunye nokuzinza kweprotein ye-yellow mealworm. Emva kwe-alkaline protease hydrolysis, i-angiotensin-ukuguqula i-enzyme yayithintelwe kakhulu, kwaye unyango ngomxube we-enzyme lubonise umphumo obalulekileyo kwi-α-Effective inhibition ye-glucosidase.

Iimpawu ezisebenzayo ze-yellow mealworm isolate protein zithelekiseka kwiiprotheni zezityalo ezikhoyo zorhwebo kwaye zinamandla okusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokutya. Ukulungiswa kwe-lotion evela kwi-protein ye-Tenebrio ye-molitor kunye noyilo lwenkqubo ye-bioactive yokuthutha izinto ezifana ne-curcumin ziye zafundwa.

Grossmann et al. iprotheni ye-hydrolyzed yellow mealworm yaze yasabela ngexylose ku-98 ℃ imizuzu engama-30 kwimpendulo ye-Maillard. Impendulo ye-Maillard yaphucula ubukrakra kunye nokutsha kwayo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imveliso ye-hydrolysis yeprotein ye-yellow mealworm inokusetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kuphuhliso lwencasa yencasa entsha.