Senyesemane
Ha li tsamaea, likoloi li angoa ke matla a fapaneng a ho hanyetsa, joalo ka matla a khohlano ho tloha ho sebelisana le holim'a tsela. Ka hona, likoloi li tlameha ho bokella matla a hlokahalang ho hlola matla a ho hanyetsa bakeng sa ho qala ho ema le ho potlakisa. Ho hanyetsa tsela ho bitsoa khanyetso ea tractive, 'me ho hula, ho hlōlang khanyetso ena, ho hlahisa phello e ntle. Ntle le ho hanyetsa litsela, likoloi li tlameha ho mamella ho hanyetsa moea. Bakeng sa literaka ke tsa bohlokoa ka ho khetheha, kaha ho hanyetsa moea ho lekana le sebaka sa koloi e ka pele ea koloi le lebelo la eona le phahamiselitsoeng ho matla a boraro (s^3). Kahoo, baetsi ba literaka ha baa lokela ho ela hloko feela lebokose la li-gearbox le parameter ea gear ratio (min le max), empa hape ba tlisa litekanyetso tsena kamanong le matla, boima ba koloi, boima ba koloi, joalo-joalo. koloi, litsebi li nka karo-karolelano ea matla-to-boima, ke hore, karo-karolelano ea matla a enjene ho isa boima ba eona bo felletseng.
Litšobotsi tsa gearbox li na le phello e kholo ts'ebetsong ea mafura. Likhamphani tse tsebahalang tse kang Eaton, Allison, ZF li tsoela pele ho hlahisa litharollo tse ncha tsa li-gearbox, tse fanang ka melemo e mengata ho beng ba literaka tsa khoebo. Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ts'ebetso ea phetisetso e itšetlehile ka maemo a litsela, potoloho ea ho sebetsa ha enjene (nako e telele ea ho khanna ka lebelo le sa khaotseng kapa ho emisa khafetsa le ho qala), lebelo le tloaelehileng la koloi, joalo-joalo.
Literaka li fapana haholo ka boholo, matla, le tlhophiso; mefuta e menyenyane e ka 'na ea tšoana ka mochine le likoloi tse ling tsa baeti. Likoloi tsena li ka ba kholo haholo 'me tsa ba matla,' me li ka hlophisoa ho lokisa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng, joalo ka lilori tsa litima-mollo le li-mixer tsa konkreite le li-excavator tse monyang. Literaka tsa sejoale-joale li tsamaisoa haholo ke lienjine tsa diesel, leha literaka tse nyane ho isa ho tse mahareng tse nang le lienjine tsa peterole li teng US, Canada le Mexico. Literaka tsa morao-rao li etselitsoe ho matha sebaka se selelele. Ka hona, likoloi tsena li lokela ho ba le li-gearbox tse tšepahalang haholo le tse tšoarellang.
Phetiso ea teraka ke motsoako oa likarolo tse amanang, tse thusang ho fetisetsa torque ea enjene ho mabili a khanna. Ho feta moo, boleng ba torque le tataiso ea eona li ka fetoloa ho latela lintlha tse ling. Phetiso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea literaka le mefuta e fapaneng ea literaka li na le litšobotsi tsa tsona tse ikhethileng, tse khethiloeng ke lintlha tse kang palo ea li-axle tsa ho khanna, likarolo tsa moralo oa koloi, joalo-joalo. nyeoe.
Ha e le torque, e fetisetsoang ka thuso ea ho fetisetsoa ho mabili a ka sehloohong a teraka, e lekana ka ho toba le likarohano tsa gear tsa phetisetso. Likarolo tsa li-gear li khethoa ke baenjiniere bakeng sa koloi e 'ngoe le e' ngoe nakong ea nts'etsopele ea eona. Boleng ba torque bo khethoa ke litšoaneleho tsa tekheniki le tse matla, tse lokelang ho kenngoa ts'ebetsong ea mohlala o ntseng o ntlafatsoa.
Ho khasa libakeng tse moqotetsane tsa litoropo ka har'a sephethe-phethe ka ho ema khafetsa, ho tsamaea ka har'a likotopo tsa mabili a sebaka sa moaho se nang le seretse, kapa ho thella mesebetsing ea lithōle ea bolulo - ts'ebeliso e lebisitsoeng ea literaka tsa Sehlopha sa 6 - 8 kapa likoloi tsa khoebo li ka beha litlhoko tse ikhethileng bakeng sa li-gearbox. bapisoa le balekane ba bona ba tseleng e kholo. Leha ho le joalo, ha e so emise mokhoa o akaretsang oa ho iketsetsa lilori le likoloi tsa khoebo, tse ileng tsa ama li-gearbox haholo.
Lebokose la li-gearbox le 'nile la lekoa ka lilemo tse mashome ke limilione tsa bakhanni ba literaka tsa khoebo, ba nkang tharollo ena e le eona tharollo e loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa literaka: li-gearbox tsa matsoho li bonolo, li batla li le theko e tlaase tlhahisong hammoho le tlhokomelong,' me li netefatsa hore tšebeliso ea mafura e fokotsehile. Leha ho le joalo, li-gearbox tsa matsoho li na le bofokoli bo le bong bo boholo, bo ka koahelang melemo eohle e boletsoeng ka holimo 'me ea baka ho se khotsofale har'a bakhanni: ho chencha lisebelisoa tsa matsoho le ho qhekella ka nako e le' ngoe ka lipedali ho ka ba thata haholo, haholo sephethephethe sa toropo. Ha ho makatse hore ebe matsatsing ana bahlahisi ba literaka, ba nang le theknoloji ea morao-rao eo ba nang le eona, ba leka ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa bakhanni le ho etsa hore mokhoa oa ho fetola likoloi o be bonolo le ho se sireletsehe. Ho latela mesebetsi e mengata ea lipatlisiso, Amerika Leboea e latela Europe ka mokhoa oa "shiftless-ness" ha li-gearbox tsa othomathike le tse ikemetseng li ntse li tsoela pele ho tsebahala karolong ea literaka tsa khoebo. Mabaka a kenyelletsa ts'ebetso e matla ea mafura le ho thapa bakhanni habonolo le tlhahiso ho feta ka libuka, hammoho le polokeho e kholoanyane.
Literakeng tse nyane u ka fumana li-gearbox tse tšoanang le litharollo tse fetohang tse sebelisoang likoloing tsa baeti. Hangata li na le likere tse ka bang tse tšeletseng 'me hangata li na le synchronizer. Bakeng sa literaka tsena H-pattern e bonolo e bonolo ho sebetsa. Leha ho le joalo, e thatafalloa ho feta ha o sebetsana le literaka tse kholoanyane le likoloi tsa khoebo tse nang le likere tse ngata. Literakang tsena tse kholoanyane hangata ho na le li-control tse eketsehileng ho thusa ho laola taolo ea likere tse fapaneng. Lilokeng tsa khale, taolo e atisa ho ba leqhubu le arohaneng le behiloeng fatše kapa morao tjena - mochine oa pneumatic o behiloeng holim'a "H" lever; ka literaka tse ncha taolo hangata e ba sesebelisoa sa motlakase se kentsoeng "H" lever. Li-gearbox tsa li-gearbox tse ngata li hahiloe ka litekanyetso tse phahameng haholo tsa matla, empa ha li sebelise synchromesh ka seoelo. Ho na le mekhoa e 'maloa e tloaelehileng bakeng sa mokhoa o fetohang - Range, Splitter, Range-Splitter. Li-gearbox tsa kajeno tsa literaka ke "range-splitter" hangata.
Li-transmission tsa sejoale-joale tsa othomathike li na le phapang e kholo ho tsoa ho ba pele ho tsona, tse neng li sebelisoa ka literaka tsa khoebo. Phapang e kholo e holim'a bongata ba mefuta ea lisebelisoa le molao-motheong oa taolo ea phetisetso ea literaka. Bongata ba likere tsa li-gearbox tsa khale tsa othomathiki li ne li lekanyelitsoe ho 5, 'me taolo e ne e etsoa ka thuso ea li-hydraulics. Matsatsing ana, baetsi ba phetisetso ba fana ka li-gearbox tsa othomathike tse nang le likere tse fetang 5, tse laoloang ke lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Ho feta moo, li-gearbox tsa sejoale-joale tsa othomathike li na le senotlolo sa torque converter.
Lethathamo la melemo ea li-gearbox tsa sejoale-joale tsa othomathike bakeng sa literaka tsa khoebo li kenyelletsa ts'ebetso ea ho fetoha ha li-gear. Tšebeliso ea mafura litseleng tsa mahaeng e bapisoa le boemo ba tšebeliso ha u sebelisa lebokose la li-gearbox. Phetiso ea othomathike e lumella bakhanni ho khanna teraka habonolo le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng, ba ela hloko tsela e kholo mme ba se ke ba sitisoa ke ho fetoha ha lisebelisoa tsa letsoho. Litšitiso tse kholo tsa tlholisano ea li-gearbox tsa othomathike bakeng sa literaka tsa khoebo ke ts'ebeliso e eketsehileng ea mafura, tlhokomelo le mathata a phetisetso ea othomathike e bakang lits'ebeletso tsa tokiso tse bitsang chelete e ngata.
The automated manual transmission (AMT) e nkoa e le tharollo e 'ngoe e tšepisang ea phetisetso bakeng sa literaka le likoloi tsa khoebo. Li-AMT li tšoana le phetisetso ea matsoho ho latela bokhoni ba ts'ebetso le melao-motheo ea ts'ebetso. Ho ka boleloa hore AMT e batla e tšoana le lebokose la li-gearbox, empa e kenyelletsa li-drive tsa servo le hydraulic, tse laolang ts'ebetso ea clutch le ts'ebetso ea ho fetoha ha gear. Li-AMT li tsebahala ka katleho ea tsona. Ntle le moo, phetisetso ea othomathiki ha e theko e boima haholo ho e lokisa le ho e lokisa joalo ka phetisetso ea othomathiki, 'me tšebeliso ea mafura ea phetiso e ikemetseng e lumellana le boemo ba li-gearbox (ka linako tse ling li-AMTs li ka boloka mafura le ho feta). Haeba literaka tse nang le li-gearbox tsa othomathike li le bonolo ho li sebelisa, empa li hloka litšenyehelo tse ngata bakeng sa mafura le lits'ebeletso, joale literaka tse nang le li-AMTs ha li bonolo feela empa hape li na le moruo.
Leha ho le joalo, hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ha u fetola lebokose la li-gearbox kapa AMT 'me u kopanya clutch, torque ea enjene ea sitisoa mme matla ao ha a fetisetsoe ho theosa le koloi ho ea mabili. Ka phetiso ea othomathike ka botlalo, sesebelisoa sa torque se u lumella ho chencha likere tsa phetiso ntle le ho sitisa torque ho tloha enjene ho ea mabiling.
Kaha li-gearbox tsa othomathike le litharollo tsa AMT butle-butle li khanna likhetho tsa ho fetola li-gear ho tloha 'marakeng oa lipalangoang tsa literaka le likoloi tsa khoebo, re tla hlahloba mefuta ena ea li-gearbox ka botlalo.
Phetiso e tloaelehileng ea othomathike e kenyelletsa converter ea torque, karolo ea mochini, sistimi ea taolo le lisebelisoa tse thusang. Mofetoleli oa torque o sebetsa e le mochine o fetisang metsi, moo matla a fetisitsoeng ke ho phalla ha ATF. Mofetoleli oa torque o na le mochini o tsamaisang pompo, semathi sa turbine le se qalang. Mokhoa oa ho notlela o tiisa moruo o betere oa mafura. Mofetoleli oa torque o fana ka kamano pakeng tsa enjene le phetisetso, e fokotsa meroalo e matla, e thibela enjene ho emisa nakong ea ho jara, mme e eketsa torque ho enjene ha e qala ho ema le tlas'a maemo a thata a tsela.
Li-transmissions tse iketsang li na le likere tse 3 tsa lipolanete le li-clutches tsa likhohlano, tse netefatsang ts'ebetso ea phetisetso ea lisebelisoa. Boleng ba karo-karolelano ea gear bo fetoha butle butle ntle le ho senya phallo ea matla. Ho fetoha ha phetisetso ea gear ho etsoa ke sistimi ea taolo ka mokhoa o ikemetseng. Mefuta e mengata ea phetisetso ea othomathiki e na le retarder ea hydrodynamic, e thusang ho theola koloi le ho fokotsa ho roala ha li-brake pads. Hangata retarder e kenngoa ka mokhoa o itekanetseng oa libese le mechine le likoloi tse sebetsang libakeng tse lithaba. Likarolo tse tsoetseng pele tsa taolo ea elektronike (ECU) tsa phetisetso ea othomathike li netefatsa ho ikamahanya le maemo a holimo ho maemo a litsela le mokhoa oa ho khanna, le ho lumella ho kenya tšebetsong mesebetsi e meng. Ka kopo ea moreki, phetiso ea othomathiki e ka ba le li-button- kapa mofuta oa lever-mofuta oa li-transmission shifters.
Allison Transmission, e mong oa baetsi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ba lipalangoang tsa literaka le likoloi tsa khoebo, e hlomella litharollo tsa eona tsa phetisetso ka sistimi ea tlhahlobo ea phetiso ea teraka e bitsoang Prognostics, e lumellang mokhanni ho beha leihlo boemo ba likarolo tse kholo tsa koloi. Sesefa sa Bophelo ba Oli se laola tšebeliso ea mafura, se boloka mafura ha u ntse u khanna le nakong ea ho sebetsa ha enjene ho sa sebetse. Sebopeho sa Filter Life Monitor se tsebisa mokhanni ka tlhokahalo ea ho fetola sefahla sa phetiso. Phetiso ea ts'ebetso Health Monitor e beha leihlo boemo ba li-circuits tsa phetiso mme e hlokomelisa mokhanni ka tlhokahalo ea ho lokisoa ka nako e nepahetseng le ho lokisoa.
Kajeno Allison Transmission e fana ka mefuta e mengata ea litharollo tsa phetisetso bakeng sa literaka le likoloi tsa khoebo (mefuta ea phetiso ea Series 1000, 2000, 3000, le 4000). Tharollo e 'ngoe ea phetisetso ea othomathike TC10 e entsoe ke Allison bakeng sa likoloi tse hohelang. Li-transmission tsa Allison tsa Torqmatic Series li sebelisetsoa libese. Literaka tse boima, tse sebelisoang indastering ea merafo le ea kaho, hangata li na le lisebelisoa tsa Allison 5000, 6000, 8000 le 9000 Series transmissions.
Volvo, moetsi ea tsebahalang oa literaka, le eona e fana ka tharollo e sebetsang ea phetisetso ea othomathiki, joalo ka Powertronic. The Powertronic ke phetiso ea othomathike ea lebelo la 6 ka botlalo e nang le taolo ea elektroniki, e etselitsoeng motsamao o nang le ts'ebetso ea ho emisa khafetsa. Phetiso ea teraka ea Powertronic e na le sesebelisoa sa torque ho netefatsa matla a phahameng a propulsive ha o qala ho ema ntle le tšitiso ea torque e fetisetsoang mabiling a koloi. Ka hona, phetisetso ena ke khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa literaka tsa Volvo tse sebetsang libakeng tsa meaho le sephethephetheng sa litoropo.
Khampani ea Voith e fana ka lelapa la li-transmission tsa othomathike tse bitsoang DIWA, tse etselitsoeng libese tsa litoropo le libese tsa litoropo. Tšobotsi e ka sehloohong ea li-transmissions tsena tsa othomathike ke hore torque ea enjene e fetisoa ka mochini hammoho le hydraulic. Ho qala ho tloha ho ema ho etsoa ka hydraulically, 'me ha lebelo la ho sisinyeha le ntse le eketsa karolo ea li-hydraulics butle-butle e nkeloa sebaka ke karolo ea mechine. Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore matla a enjene a arotsoe pele ho torque converter ho kopanela le ho kopanya ka mor'a moo. Kahoo, converter ea torque le likere tse peli tsa polanete li theha 1-st hydro-mechanical gear. Ka hona, phetisetso ea DIWA e sebetsa ka bokhabane bo phahameng ka lebelo le fapaneng, ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho qala ka boreleli ho tloha ho emeng le ho potlakisa ho tsitsitseng. Ebe, sistimi ea phetisetso e kenya tšebetsong phetisetso ea torque ea mochini feela, e sebetsang ka tahlehelo e nyane. Mofetoleli oa torque ka nako e le 'ngoe o sebetsa e le hydraulic retarder, e netefatsang ts'ebetso ea hang-hang ea brake ea hydraulic ho sa tsotelehe lisebelisoa tse kentsoeng.
Tšebeliso e phahameng ea phetisetso ena e finyelloa ka lebaka la motsoako oa "differential-torque converter". Le hoja li-gear tse tloaelehileng li fetoha ka makhetlo a 2-3 qalong, Voith DIWA e ntse e tsoela pele ho sebelisa 1-st gear - ka nako e le 'ngoe e sebelisa mochine oa torque le likarolo tsa mochine oa ho tsamaisa literaka. Ka hona, palo e fokolang ea lichifi e etsa hore ho tsamaea ha libese ho be bonolo le ho fokotsa ho roala ha li-friction discs. Mofetoleli oa torque ho DIWA o bohareng ba lebokose la li-gear, boemo bo joalo bo thusitse ho tlosa li-tubes tse ngata haholo le li-hoses tsa khokahano.
Khamphani ea Jeremane ZF e boetse e fana ka tharollo e makatsang ea phetisetso bakeng sa literaka le likoloi tsa khoebo. Mohlala, 6-speed automatic transmission ZF EcoLife e etselitsoe literaka le libese. Phetiso ena e na le mokhoa o pholileng oa ho pholisa, o lumellang ho sebetsa maemong a mocheso a matla haholo ha mocheso oa oli oa phetisetso ka mocheso oa mocheso o fihla ho 120 ° C. Ho phaella moo, baenjiniere ba ZF ba sebelisitse mona converter ea torque e nang le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho potlakisa ha parameter ea RPM e le tlaase. Sesebelisoa sa "vibration damper" se hahelletsoeng ka hare se fokotsa tšebeliso ea mafura ha se qala ho ema ka ho tima ka potlako ho notlela torque converter.
E 'ngoe ea 6-speed automatic transmission ZF-PowerLine, e reretsoeng likoloi tse nyenyane tsa khoebo, e hlokomeleha ka moruo oa eona oa mafura ka lebaka la converter ea torque e tsoetseng pele. Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore "converter" ea "transmission torque converter" ho li-gearbox tsa ZF e sebelisoa qalong ea motsamao 'me e emisa ho sebetsa ha koloi e potlakisa ho fihlela lebelo la 10-15 km / h. tabeng ena ha ho hlokahale ho sebelisa "nako e telele" 1-st gear. Lelapa la ZF transmissions Ecomat le ne le etselitsoe libese tsa toropo le likoloi tsa sepheo se ikhethileng.
Kajeno, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki li bapala karolo e kholo taolong ea litsamaiso tse fapaneng tse kenngoeng ka har'a literaka. Hajoale, microprocessor e laola ts'ebetso ea enjene e seng feela, empa le ea clutch le gearbox. Molemo o ka sehloohong oa taolo ea elektronike holim'a likhetho tsa mechine, hydraulic kapa pneumatic ke ho arabela hamolemo le monyetla oa ho kopanya palo e kholo ea litekanyo. Mekhoa e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso e ka fetoloa ka ho hlophisa bocha software, ho fapana le ho etsa liphetoho moralong oa phetisetso. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki li etsa bonnete ba hore koloi e sebetsa ka chelete e ngata le boiphihlelo bo sireletsehileng ba ho khanna. Ka hona, literaka tse ntseng li eketseha (haholo-holo literaka tse boima) li na le li-transmissions tse ikemetseng. Batho ba bangata ba ferekanya phetisetso ea mofuta ona le tharollo ea ho fetoha ha gear e itekanetseng, empa phetisetso ea othomathiki, ho fapana le AMT, e na le li-converter tsa torque.
Moqapi oa phetisetso ea motlakase o ka kenyelletsa motlakase oa motlakase, electro-pneumatic kapa electro-hydraulic drive, e fetolang matšoao a amohetsoeng ho tloha setsing sa taolo ea elektronike (ECU) hore e be phallo ea angular ea fereko ea clutch. AMT ka boeona e na le electromotor e nang le servo drive, e tsamaisang fereko ea clutch. Tharollo ena e bonahalang e le bonolo ea tekheniki e laoloa ke software e rarahaneng, e sebetsanang le matšoao a tsoang ho "joystick lever", e ka har'a teraka ea teraka, ha mokhanni a chencha likere. Ka hona, ho na le li-pedals tse peli feela ka kamoreng ea teraka e nang le AMT - khase le brake. Phetiso e joalo ea literaka e ile ea hlaha ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-90 'me qalong theknoloji ena e ne e lemohuoa ke bakhanni ba se nang tšepo. Ho feta moo, morao mehleng eo, phetisetso ea othomathiki e ne e le theko e boima haholo ho feta phetiso ea matsoho. Empa matsatsing ana, ka nts'etsopele ea mahlale a tsoetseng pele le a baballang chelete e ngata, literaka tse ntseng li eketseha li kentsoe li-transmission tsa motlakase. Eaton e ne e le k'hamphani ea pele 'marakeng ea phetisetso ea motlakase ka AutoShift e qalileng ka bo-90's. Ho tloha ka nako eo, potefolio ea lihlahisoa tsa Eaton e ekelitsoe ka UltraShift ea 6-speed midrange le 10-, 11-, 13- le 18-speed UltraShift Pluses e boima.
The automated mechanical transmission (AMT) e ntse e tuma indastering ea likoloi, ka lebaka la ho kopanya ha eona melemo ea phetisetso ea mochini le phetisetso ea othomathiki mabapi le tšebeliso ea mafura, theko e tlase, boiketlo bo ntlafalitsoeng ba ho khanna le boleng bo fetohang. Matsatsing ana, li-transmissions tsa literaka tse ikemetseng li hlahisoa ke lik'hamphani tse ngata: ZF, Volvo, Daimler AG, Eaton, Mack, Detroit Diesel, Mercedes, Man, joalo-joalo Joale a re ke re hlahlobeng ka ho qaqileng tharollo e tsotehang ea AMT e fanoang ke lik'hamphani tsena.
Volvo Trucks e fana ka I-Sync ea 6-speed automated manual transmission, e reretsoeng literaka tsa Volvo FL. Phetiso ena ea teraka e etselitsoe enjene ea D7 ka ho khetheha le ho sebetsa literateng tsa litoropo le libakeng tsa litoropo. Mokhanni oa electro-hydraulic o etsa bonnete ba hore lisebelisoa li tsamaea hantle ha u khanna sephethephethe sa toropo se nang le ho ema khafetsa . Phetiso ea I-Sync e fumaneha ka mefuta e 'meli - bakeng sa enjine ea D5K le enjene ea D8K. Leqhubu, le kentsoeng ka mor'a lebili la setereng, le lumella mokhanni ho khetha mokhoa oa manual kapa oa automatic gear-shifting mode. Ha ho na clutch pedal ka literaka tse nang le phetiso ea I-Sync - phetoho ea li-gear e etsoa ka thuso ea leqhubu le boletsoeng ka holimo. Ka mokhoa o ikemetseng, phetisetso ea I-Sync e ikemela e fetola likere ka nako e khethiloeng hantle. Bokhoni ba torque ea phetiso ena bo ka fihla ho 1050 Nm, ho etsa hore phetiso ea I-Sync e be khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa literaka tse sebetsang metseng ea litoropo.
Tharollo e 'ngoe e tsebahalang ea AMT e ntlafalitsoeng ke Volvo Trucks ke phetiso ea I-Shift. Phetiso ena e ipapisitse le lebokose la li-gearbox tsa kamehla-mesh. Karolo e ka sehloohong ea phetisetso ena ea "bohlale" ke yuniti ea taolo ea elektronike (ECU), e laolang ts'ebetso ea clutch ea phetisetso le mokhoa oa ho fetoha ha gear. ECU e fetola likere ka nepo haholo ka lebaka la tlhahlobo ea data mabapi le lebelo la teraka, boima ba 'mele, torque e hlokahalang, boemo ba tsela le likarolo tse ling. Sistimi e boetse e fapanyetsana data le enjene, eo le eona e laolang sekhahla sa RPM le braking ea enjine bakeng sa katleho e kholo. Tharollo ena ea phetiso e etselitsoe ho boloka mafura a fihlang ho 5%. Phetiso ena e itirisang e ka ba le likere tse fokotsang lebelo tse le 'ngoe kapa tse peli, hammoho le khetho e nang le likere tse ling tse khutlisetsang morao. Li-gear tse fokotsang lebelo li ntlafatsa haholo bokhoni ba ho qala ho tloha ha li ema, li fokotsa mojaro oa clutch ho isa ho 75%, 'me li thusa ho qoba lits'ebeletso tse ling tsa tokiso.
Mack Trucks e fana ka mDrive (12-speed) le mDrive HD (mefuta e meng ea 13- le 14-speed) ka li-transmission tse itirisang tse reretsoeng mefuta e fapaneng ea literaka tsa Mack.
Lisebelisoa tsa literaka tsa Mack li etselitsoe ho sebetsa hantle ka lienjineri le li-axle tsa Mack MP kahoo ha ho na taba ea ho lumellana kapa ts'ebetso. Ka lisebelisoa tse tšoarellang, ts'ebetso e bonolo le tlhahiso ea Amerika, litharollo tsena tsa phetisetso ha li netefatse feela ho feto-fetoha ha lisebelisoa hantle, empa hape le moruo oa mafura, moaparo o fokotsehileng, le boiphihlelo bo bonolo ba ho khanna.
Detroit Diesel Corporation, e leng katlase ho Daimler Trucks North America (ka boeona e leng ea Jeremane Daimler AG), e fana ka phetisetso ea DT12 e etselitsoeng literaka tse boima. Phetiso ena ea teraka e netefatsa ts'ebetso ea ho fetoha ha li-gear, ho tšoarella le boiketlo ba ts'ebetso.
Phatlalatso ea DT12 e hokahanya enjene ho li-axle, 'me e buisana le DD13 le DD15 ka marang-rang a kopantsoeng a lisebelisoa tsa elektronike ho arolelana lintlha tse fokotsang tšenyo tse kang transmission overloading le tšireletso ea driveline. DT12 e sebelisa lintlha tse tsoang 'mapeng oa boemo ba leholimo ho laola tšebetso ea enjene le li-gearbox, e nka monyetla oa tikoloho ea teraka.
Lelapa la phetisetso e ikemetseng ea Mercedes-Benz PowerShift e kenyelletsa mefuta e mengata ea phetisetso. Ts'ebetso ea ho chencha lisebelisoa ka har'a literaka tse nang le 12-speed PowerShift e kengoa tšebetsong kapele le ka thelelo. Phetiso ena e na le "mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa" le likere bakeng sa sephethephethe sa mohala o moholo ka lebelo le phahameng le boemo bo tlase ba RPM. Likoloi tse tsamaisang mela ea Mercedes-Benz Actros li na le mofuta o ntlafalitsoeng oa PowerShift 2. Ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea sistimi e tsoetseng pele ea li-sensor, li-gears li fetisoa ka potlako le hantle. Ho aha literaka tsa Mercedes-Benz Actros li na le 12-speed AMT PowerShift Off-road, e nang le mekhoa e mengata ea ts'ebetso le likere tse 4 tse khutlisetsang morao. Moralo oa lebokose lena la li-gearbox o boetse o kenyelletsa sensor ea ho sekamela le sistimi e tsoetseng pele ea boreleli ho tloha ho emeng. 8-speed AMT PowerShift GO 240-8 e kentsoe ho bakoetlisi ba bahahlauli Mercedes-Benz Travego и Tourismo.
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Gruppe e hlahisa li-transmission tsa TipMatic tse ikemetseng, tse hlahisang motsoako o phethahetseng oa matšeliso le katleho. Phetiso ea 12-speed TipMatic e nang le "off-road" mode le 2 reverse gear e ne e etselitsoe literaka tse boima tsa TGX le TGS.
Phetiso ena ea othomathiki e ka 'na ea e-ba le gear e tobileng kapa lisebelisoa tse fetang. Mekhoa ea ts'ebetso e khethoa ka thuso ea switcher e bohareng ba console, ha li-gear li ntse li fetisoa ka mochine o ka tlas'a tsamaiso. Phetiso ea TipMatic e kanna ea hlomelloa ka retarder MAN PriTarder kapa ka ZF intarder. Ka kopo, TipMatic e ka hlomelloa ka mananeo a khethehileng a taolo: Profi (mokhoa oa ho fetoha ka letsoho), Fleet (bakeng sa bakhanni ba se nang boiphihlelo).
Ho sa tsotellehe taba ea hore baetsi ba literaka ba ntseng ba eketseha ba khetha ho kenya li-transmission tse itekanetseng kapa tse ikemetseng lihlahisoa tsa bona, phetisetso ea matsoho e ntse e na le karolo e kholo karolong ea literaka tsa khoebo. Ho ntse ho na le batho ba bangata ba ratang tharollo ea phetisetso ea matsoho e tšepahalang le e theko e tlase, ba ratang ho okamela ts'ebetso ea ho fetola li-gear ka thuso ea mochini o tsamaisang thepa ka teraka. Li-transmission tse lebelo tse leshome li lula e le mofuta o tloaelehileng ka ho fetesisa oa literaka tsa litsela tse kholo, le hoja mabokose a lebelo la 13- le 18 a tumme har'a bakhanni ba literaka tsa maeto a malelele 'me hangata a sebelisoa ka lienjini tse matla a lipere. Literaka tse sebelisoang kahong le mesebetsing e meng li na le li-gearbox tsa "tlase-tlase" tsa lebelo la 11 tse nang le mekhahlelo e meraro ea karo-karolelano ho e-na le tse peli tse tsamaisang litsela tse kholo. Lik'hamphani tse tsebahalang tse kang Eaton, ZF, le Volvo ha li inehele likhethong tsa phetisetso ea matsoho bakeng sa literaka le likoloi tsa khoebo. Ho amoheloa ha li-automatic transmissions le li-AMTs ka literaka ho tsamaisitsoe haholo ke litlhoko tsa bakhanni tsa boiketlo le boiketlo hammoho le litaba tsa polokeho. Ka hona, ho thata ho bolela esale pele ka nepo bakeng sa indasteri e joalo ea theknoloji ea maemo a holimo, moo lik'hamphani li ikitlaetsang haholo le mehloli ea bohlokoa ea lichelete ho hlahisa litharollo tse rarahaneng haholo tsa tekheniki tseo lilemong tse 10 kapa tse 15 tse fetileng li neng li bonahala li le ntle haholo. Ke mang ea tsebang, mohlomong nakong e tlang e seng e hole haholo mesebetsi eohle ea khoebo e tla etsoa ke literaka tse itsamaisang.