1. 1.Ibicuruzwa byinyama bigereranijwe

Ugereranije na poroteyine y’inyamaswa, umusaruro wa poroteyine y’udukoko utera umutwaro muke w’ibidukikije, igiciro cy’ibiryo, hamwe n’ibyuka bya parike. Kubwibyo, guteza imbere poroteyine y’udukoko nk’isimburwa ry’inyama ni kimwe mu bisubizo byo gukemura ikibazo cy’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage no kwangirika kw’ibidukikije.

Gukoresha ifu yumuhondo wifu, ifu yumuhondo wumuhondo, cyangwa proteine ​​yumuhondo wumuhondo nkigisimbuza inyama zinyamanswa mubicuruzwa byinyama birashobora kwirinda kwanga abaguzi kwangiza udukoko twangiza imyanzuro itera gufata ibyemezo byo kurya. Orkusz yasuzumye kandi agereranya agaciro k'imirire y'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye by'inyama n'udukoko, asanga udukoko n'ibikomoka ku nyama bifite poroteyine zisa, ibyingenzi bya aside amine, hamwe na aside irike ya fatty, byose bishobora gutanga intungamubiri zikenewe ku mubiri w'umuntu. Byongeye kandi, udukoko dushobora kandi gutanga vitamine C hamwe na fibre y'ibiryo.

Cho na Ryul bongeyeho ifu y’ibiryo by’umuhondo kuri poroteyine zishingiye ku bimera bigereranywa n’ibikomoka ku nyama, hamwe n’ibikoresho fatizo birimo ifu ya soya yanduye 65%, poroteyine ya soya 25%, na 10% bya krahisi y'ibigori. Ibiryo byumuhondo byongewe kuri 15% na 30% byibigize shingiro, kandi inyama zigereranijwe zabonetse binyuze mu gukuramo impanga. Ifu y'ibiryo byumuhondo byongera proteine ​​solubilité, igogorwa, nibikorwa bya antioxydeant, ariko byagabanije imiterere yimiterere yinyama zigereranijwe.

Ibi birashobora guterwa no kugabanuka kwimikoranire ya molekile murusobe rwa proteine ​​ya soya hamwe nifu yumuhondo wibiryo, bisa ningaruka zo kongeramo ifu yumuhondo wumuhondo kuri neti ya gluten. Ugereranije no gukonjesha byumye byumye byumye, ibikoresho byumye na microwave byumye byumye byumuhondo byumye bifite impumuro nziza, bishobora guterwa na Maillard reaction ibaho mugihe cyumye kubera izamuka ryubushyuhe.

2. 2.Gukoresha amavuta yinyo yumuhondo

Nka gakoko karimo amavuta menshi, inzoka zumuhondo ntizitanga proteine ​​nyinshi gusa ahubwo zirashobora no gukoreshwa mugukuramo amavuta yinzoka yumuhondo, mubisanzwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvoma ibishishwa.

Amavuta acide yibigize amavuta yayo yerekanwa mumbonerahamwe ya 3, irimo ibintu byinshi birimo aside irike idahagije, hamwe na aside oleic na aside linoleque niyo nyinshi. Ibirimo vitamine E mu mavuta yumuhondo wumuhondo wapimwe na Son nabandi. ni 144.3 mg / 1000g amavuta, aruta amavuta menshi akomoka ku nyamaswa kandi munsi gato ya vitamine E mu mavuta y'ibimera. Jeon n'abandi. yize ku ngaruka zo gukaranga kuri 200 ℃ mu minota 5 kugeza kuri 15 ku mavuta y’ibiryo by’umuhondo asanga gukaranga byongera ibara ryamavuta kandi bikongera aside ya oleic na tocopherol.

Amavuta yo kurya yumuhondo akaranze kandi yerekanaga amavuta meza ya okiside, bishobora guterwa nibicuruzwa bya Maillard byakozwe mugihe cyo gukaranga bifite antioxydeant.

3. Gukoresha poroteyine yumuhondo wumuhondo: Ifu yumuhondo wumuhondo yanduye irasukurwa kugirango ubone proteine ​​yumuhondo mwinshi cyane. Ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwapimye ubukana, emulisitiya, ibintu byinshi, nibiranga imikorere ya hydrolysis ya proteine ​​yumuhondo. Yoo n'abandi. yateguye hydrolysate ya poroteyine z’udukoko nka poroteyine yumuhondo yumuhondo ukoresheje imisemburo ya flavour, protease alkaline, cyangwa uruvange rwombi.

Basanze ibisubizo byiyongereye cyane nyuma ya hydrolysis hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi bwa enzymatique, mugihe ubushobozi bwo kubira ifuro bwaragabanutse. Kuvura uburyohe bwa flavour byateje imbere cyane ibikorwa bya emulisitiya hamwe na proteine ​​yumuhondo. Nyuma ya alkaline protease hydrolysis, enzyme ihindura angiotensin yarahagaritswe cyane, kandi kuvura hamwe nuruvange rwa enzyme byagaragaje ingaruka zikomeye kuri α- Kubuza neza ibikorwa bya glucosidase.

Ibikorwa biranga ibiryo byumuhondo bitandukanya proteine ​​bigereranywa na proteine ​​zubucuruzi zisanzweho kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo gukoreshwa muburyo bwibiryo. Hateguwe ubushakashatsi bwamavuta yo kwisiga avuye muri proteine ​​ya Tenebrio molitor hamwe nigishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gutwara ibintu bioactive nka curcumin.

Grossmann n'abandi. hydrolyzed umuhondo wibiryo bya poroteyine hanyuma ubyitwaramo na xylose kuri 98 ℃ muminota 30 muri Maillard reaction. Imyitwarire ya Maillard yongereye umururazi no gushya, byerekana ko hydrolysis ya proteine ​​yumuhondo wibiryo byumuhondo ishobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo mugutezimbere ibintu bishya.