Ingabe bewazi ukuthi namuhla, i-whipping amaloli ayisishiyagalombili kwayishumi eYurophu ezemidlalo ezizenzakalelayo noma ukudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo, kuyilapho i-United States isala ngemuva (yize, hhayi isikhathi eside) kanti abathathu kuphela kwabayishumi abamukela izimangaliso zokusebenzisa ama-manual transmissions (AMTs) kanye nokudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo? Ngokuthembela kwazo okukhulayo kanye nengcebo yezinzuzo, akumangalisi ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokudlulisela zikhula ngokushesha emhlabeni jikelele. 

Uma usemakethe ye-Eaton AutoShift entsha, ewubukhazikhazi noma i-Volvo I-Shift AMT, kodwa usazibuza ukuthi ukudluliswa kwe-othomathikhi kungaba yisinqumo esingcono yini noma iluphi ukulungiselelwa kwegiya okufanele ukuhlose, uku. indawo efanele. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokudlulisela - imanyuwali, i-automated manual (AMT), kanye ne-othomathikhi - futhi sikukhanyisele ngempikiswano eqondile yokushayela ngokumelene ne-overdrive.

Imanuwali, i-Automated Manual, kanye ne-Automatic Transmissions: Umehluko 

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kweloli lakho elisindayo kungaphakathi kokudluliselwa kwalo. Kodwa yini eyenza uhlobo ngalunye luhluke kwezinye? Okokuqala, sinama-transmissions okwenziwa ngesandla, ama-workhorses azanyiwe nayiqiniso embonini. Ngokulula kwazo, ukwethembeka, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokuthola, ukuthunyelwa okwenziwa ngesandla kwake kwabusa kakhulu.

Ama-automated manual transmissions (AMT) ama-cousin ama-automated manual transmissions, ahlanganisa okuhamba phambili kwayo yomibili imihlaba — ukujwayela kwemanuwali kanye nokuba lula kokuzenzakalela. Basebenza ngokusebenzisa ikhompuyutha engaphakathi yeloli lakho ukuze baxhumane nesistimu yezinzwa nama-actuator asebenzisa i-clutch ne-shifter nge-elekthronikhi. 

Ama-transmission azenzekelayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, asebenzisa isiguquli se-torque ukuze anike amandla umugqa wokushayela ngokuhlanganisa uketshezi, ahlinzeke ngokushintsha kwamandla angenamthungo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufaka okwenziwa ngesandla njalo.

Ukuhanjiswa Kwezimoto Zokuhweba

Kungani Ukudluliswa Kwezandla Kungaziwa Kakhulu

Ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuthunyelwa kwezandla kwakungamakhosi omhlaba wamaloli athwala kanzima. Ukuba lula kwabo, ukwethembeka, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kwabenza baba yikhona okukhetha kuzo izindiza. Kodwa-ke, izikhathi zishintshile, futhi izici eziningana ziholele ekwehleni kwazo ukuthandwa. Ukushoda kwabashayeli abanekhono kanye nokuqaphela lokho ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kanye nokuthembeka kuhlobene ngqo nekhono lomshayeli lokuhambisa ngesandla bavule indlela yokwenyuka kwama-automatic and automatic transmissions.

Ukukhula Kokudluliswa Kwezandla Okuzenzakalelayo

Faka i-automated manual transmission (AMT), isishintshi segeyimu embonini yamaloli. Ngokusebenziseka kalula kokuzenzakalela, abashayeli abasha bakuthola kulula kunangaphambili ukusebenzisa ama-AMT, okufana nolwazi lokushayela lwemoto yezemidlalo enama-paddle shifters. Umgwaqo uba bushelelezi njengoba Ama-AMTs asiza abashayeli ukuthi bagcine amehlo abo emgwaqeni, banciphise iziphazamiso, futhi banciphise ukukhathala ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo okuhlobene nokudluliswa kwezandla. Ngaphandle kokusebenziseka kalula, ama-AMT anikezela ngekhwalithi ethuthukisiwe yeshifu nempilo ende ye-clutch, okuwenza abe ukukhetha okubiza izindleko zezindiza. Futhi, ukonga uphethiloli okungafika ku-10% kuyafezeka uma kuqhathaniswa ama-AMT nemigqa yokushayela evamile uma kuqhathaniswa ukwehla kwesivinini esikhulu. 

Qaphela: Ama-AMT awakhazimuli ngendlela ongase ucabange ngayo. Ukwenza kusebenze i-clutch akusheleli kangako ezimeni zokuma nokuhamba futhi ungase ulahlekelwe umfutho ngesikhathi sokushintsha.  

Ingane Entsha Ebhulokhini: Ukudluliselwa Okuzenzakalelayo

Ama-automatic transmissions nawo angenile obala, athola ukunakwa ngokusebenza kwawo kalula kanye nolwazi lokushayela ngokunganaki. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu, ama-automatic transmission aqinisekisa ukuthi amandla emasondweni awaphazamiseki. Ukushintsha kwamandla agcwele kunikeza ukusheshisa okusheshayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintsha njalo. Umphumela? Ukuguga okuncishisiwe ku-transmission kanye ne-clutch, umthelela womcamelo ngesikhathi sokwethulwa kwezimoto, kanye nokwenyuka kwesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto. Nakuba zingase zize nezindleko eziphakeme nesisindo kanye nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli okuphansi kancane, izidluliseli ezizenzakalelayo zinikeza ukunethezeka okungenakuqhathaniswa nobushelelezi futhi ziwusizo ngokukhethekile ekusetshenzisweni kokuma nokuhamba njengamageja eqhwa nezinye izinto ezisindayo. 

I-Direct Drive noma i-Overdrive?

Manje njengoba sesihlole izinhlobo ezintathu zokudlulisela, sekuyisikhathi sokungena ku-direct drive vs. overdrive conundrum. Kodwa ziyini ngempela? Ekudluliselweni kwedrayivu eqondile, amandla ageleza aqonde ebudlelwaneni obungu-1 kuye ku-1 phakathi kwamashafti okokufaka nokuphumayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-overdrive anesivinini esisheshayo sokukhipha shaft kunesivinini sokuzungezisa okokufaka, aphindaphindeka ngempumelelo i-torque ukuze uthole ulwazi lokushayela olulula.

Idrayivu Eqondile: Ilungele Ukuthutha Okulula Emgwaqeni Omkhulu

Ngokomlando, ukulungiswa kwedrayivu eqondile ingompetha bokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli isivinini esiphansi, izimo zomthwalo omncane endaweni eyisicaba. Ngokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli ngokwemvelo kunokucushwa kwe-overdrive, ukuhanjiswa kwedrayivu eqondile kulungele ukudonsa okushelelayo, emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka okunemithwalo elula. Ziyindlela ongakhetha kuzo yezindiza ezihamba ezindaweni eziyisicaba, ezinikeza ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kahle nokusebenza.

I-Overdrive: Inja Ephezulu Yezomsebenzi Wezandla

Faka i-overdrive, imbangi ye-heavyweight yezinhlelo zemisebenzi yezandla. Ngezilinganiso eziphakeme eziphelele, ukuhanjiswa kwe-overdrive kunikeza ukuqalisa okukhulu kanye nokubambeka, ukubenza bafaneleke kahle emizileni enamagquma noma amabhizinisi angaphandle komgwaqo. Ukuvumelana nezimo kwesicelo okwengeziwe kuqinisekisa inqubo yokuthengisa kabusha ebushelelezi uma kuqhathaniswa nokulungiselelwa kwedrayivu eqondile eklanyelwe imizila ethile. Ingasaphathwa, ukucushwa kokushayela kakhulu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-downspeeding, kuqhubekisela phambili ukonga uphethiloli owengeziwe lapho ushayela endaweni engalingani.

Amazwi Okugcina

Lapho usunakho - umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqonda ukuhanjiswa kwamaloli esindayo. Sihlole izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: imanuwali, i-automated manual, kanye ne-othomathikhi, futhi sangena engxoxweni eqondile yokushayela iqhathaniswa ne-overdrive yokumisa. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi abashayeli bafuna ushintsho, umhlaba wamaloli anzima uyaqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Ukuthi ukhetha ukwenza imanuwali ibe lula, ukuba lula kwe-AMT, noma ukushelela kokuzenzakalelayo, konke kuncike kuhlobo lomkhakha osebenza kuwo kanye nolwazi lomshayeli.

Sekushiwo lokho, usazodinga isitolo samaloli esindayo esisebenza ngokukhethekile isevisi yokudlulisa kanye ne-clutch. Ngokudluliswa okufanele nokunakekelwa kwe-clutch, uzokwazi ukuzuza izinzuzo zokudluliswa okuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokucwilisa emgqeni wakho ophansi.