1. 1.Simulated nyama zvigadzirwa

Kuenzaniswa neprotein yemhuka, kugadzirwa kweprotein yezvipembenene kunounza mitoro shoma yezvakatipoteredza, mutengo wekudya, uye kugadzirwa kwegasi regreenhouse. Naizvozvo, kugadzira mapuroteni ezvipembenene sechinotsiva nyama yeramangwana ndiyo imwe yemhinduro dzekugadzirisa kukura kwevanhu mune ramangwana uye kuparara kwezvakatipoteredza.

Kushandisa yero mealworm poda, yakasvibiswa yero mealworm poda, kana yero mealworm protein sechinzvimbo cheimwe nyama yemhuka muzvigadzirwa zvenyama inogona kudzivirira kuvenga kwevatengi kune morphology yezvipembenene zvinotungamira kusarudzo dzekushandisa. Orkusz akaongorora uye akaenzanisa kukosha kwekudya kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvenyama uye zvipembenene, uye akawana kuti zvipembenene uye zvigadzirwa zvenyama zvine mapuroteni akafanana, zvakakosha amino acid content, uye zvakakosha mafuta acid content, zvose zvinogona kupa hutano hunodiwa kumuviri womunhu. Mukuwedzera, zvipembenene zvinogonawo kupa vhitamini C uye kudya fiber.

Cho naRyul vakawedzera yero mealworm poda kune yekudyara-based protein yakateedzerwa zvigadzirwa zvenyama, ine chigadziko chine 65% yakasvibiswa soybean hupfu, 25% soy protein isolate, uye 10% yechibage starch. Yellow mealworm yakawedzerwa pa15% uye 30% yezvigadziro zvepasi, uye nyama yakafananidzirwa yakawanikwa kuburikidza nemapatya-screw extrusion. Yellow mealworm poda yakawedzera kunyungudika kweprotein, digestibility, uye antioxidant chiitiko, asi yakadzikira maitiro enyama inofananidzwa.

Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nekuderera kwekudyidzana kwema molecular mukati mesoyabean protein network neyellow mealworm powder, inofanana nemhedzisiro yekuwedzera yellow mealworm poda kune network yegluten. Zvichienzaniswa nechando-yakaomeswa yero mealworm mbishi, yakaomeswa uye microwave yakaomeswa yero mealworm mbishi zvinhu zvine kunhuhwirira kuri nani, izvo zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekuita kweMaillard kunoitika panguva yekuomesa nekuda kwekukwira kwekushisa.

2. 2.Kushandiswa kwemafuta yellow mealworm

Sezvipembenene zvine mafuta akawanda, yellow mealworms haingopi mapuroteni akawanda asiwo inogona kushandiswa kubvisa mafuta eyellow mealworm, kazhinji uchishandisa nzira yekubvisa organic solvent.

Kuumbwa kwemafuta emafuta ayo kunoratidzwa muTebhu 3, iyo ine huwandu hwakawanda hweunsaturated fatty acids, ine oleic acid uye linoleic acid ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda. Iyo vhitamini E yemukati muyero mealworm mafuta akayerwa naSon ​​et al. iri 144.3 mg/1000g oiri, iyo yakakwirira kudarika yakawanda yemhuka inotorwa nemafuta uye yakaderera zvishoma pane yevhitamini E yemukati mumafuta ezvirimwa. Jeon et al. akadzidza nezvekuita kwekukangwa pa200 ℃ kwemaminetsi mashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu pamafuta eyellow mealworm uye akaona kuti kufinya kwaizodzamisa ruvara rweoiri uye kuwedzera zvirimo muoleic acid uye tocopherol.

Iyo yakakangwa yero mealworm mafuta yakaratidzawo zvirinani oxidation kugadzikana, izvo zvingave zvichikonzerwa neMaillard reaction zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa panguva yekufinya zvine zvimwe antioxidant zvimiro.

3. Kushandiswa kweprotein yeyellow mealworm: Upfu hwakasvibiswa yellow mealworm hunocheneswazve kuti huwane high-purity yellow mealworm protein. Zvidzidzo zvakapfuura zvakayera kunyungudika, emulsifying zvivakwa, kupupa zvinhu, uye mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvehydrolysis zveyero mealworm protein. Yoo et al. yakagadzira ma hydrolysates emapuroteni ezvipembenene seyero mealworm protein uchishandisa flavour enzymes, alkaline proteases, kana musanganiswa wezviviri.

Vakaona kuti kunyungudika kwakawedzera zvakanyanya mushure mehydrolysis nenzira dzinoverengeka enzymatic, nepo kugona kupupa kwakaderedzwa. Flavour enzyme kurapwa kwakavandudza zvakanyanya emulsifying chiitiko uye kugadzikana kweyero mealworm protein. Mushure me alkaline protease hydrolysis, angiotensin-inoshandura enzyme yakadziviswa zvakanyanya, uye kurapwa nemusanganiswa we enzyme kwakaratidza chiitiko chakakosha pa α- Kubudirira inhibition yeglucosidase basa.

Hunhu hunoshanda hweyero mealworm isolate protein inofananidzwa nemapuroteni echirimwa aripo uye ane mukana wekushandiswa mumasystem echikafu. Kugadzirira kwe lotion kubva kuTenebrio molitor protein uye dhizaini yebioactive substance transport system yakadai se curcumin yakadzidzwa.

Grossmann et al. hydrolyzed yellow mealworm protein uye ndokuipindura ne xylose pa98 ℃ kwemaminetsi makumi matatu mune Maillard reaction. Maitiro eMaillard akawedzera kuvava kwayo uye kutsva, zvichiratidza kuti chigadzirwa chehydrolysis cheyero mealworm protein chinogona kushandiswa seyakagadzirwa kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvinonaka.