Kuti vapindure nekushingaira kune "double-carbon target" yakarongwa nenyika, masangano akasiyana-siyana uye makomisheni akabudisa zvinyorwa zvemitemo yesimbi nesimbi, uye akanyatsoratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwechoto chemagetsi chesimbi. maitiro anofanirwa kutungamirwa nenzira yakarongeka uye inonzwisisika, uye nekusimudzira girinhi uye yakaderera-kabhoni shanduko yesimbi nesimbi indasitiri. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, chekutanga, maererano nekushandiswa kwesimba data referrous simbi kunyunguduka uye rolling kugadzirisa zviteshi zvakaverengerwa muChina Energy Statistical Yearbook, yakananga kabhoni emissions, isina kunanga kabhoni emissions uye chigadzirwa kubviswa kabhoni yakakonzerwa neindasitiri yesimbi yeChina kubva 1991 kusvika 1991. 2021 inoverengerwa zvakadzama, uye iyo CO yeChina indasitiri yesimbi inoongororwa Emission mamiriro; CO inokonzerwa neyakajairwa kureba maitiro uye mapfupi maitiro ekugadzira simbi mabhizinesi_.

Izvo zvinoburitswa zvinoverengerwa kuongorora mutsauko mukubuda kwekabhoni yeaya maitiro maviri, kuyera iyo kabhoni yekudzikisa mukana wemagetsi echoto maitiro, uye kuratidza kuti inonzwisisika uye yakarongeka kuvandudza kwemagetsi echoto chemagetsi ndiyo nzira huru yeshanduko nekusimudzira. yeindasitiri yesimbi mune ramangwana. Yakasanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu ekusimudzira indasitiri yesimbi, kuoma uye matambudziko mukuvandudza nzira yeChina yevira remagetsi inogadziriswa, uye nekuona matambudziko ari pamusoro apa, tsvagiridzo inoitwa kubva pazvinhu zvitatu zvekuchengetedza-simba rekuchengetedza, budiriro. modhi uye hunyanzvi dhizaini inodiwa pakuvandudzwa kwechoto chemagetsi process, uye nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinopihwa.

Pahwaro hwetsvakiridzo iri pamusoro, iyo mbiri-kabhoni yekuongorora modhi yeChina yemagetsi choto chemoto inogadzirwa, uye yakaderera-kabhoni yekuvandudza nzira yeChina yemagetsi choto chemoto inotorwa kubva pamatanho maviri ekuita uye nguva zvakateerana. Inowanikwa kuti iyo kabhoni yekudzikisa mukana wemagetsi echoto chemagetsi uye simbi rolling process ndiyo yakakura, inoverengera 40.7% uye 36.7% yeiyo kabhoni yekudzikisa mukana weiyo yese maitiro. Zvakare, nekushandiswa kweiyo yakaderera-kabhoni tekinoroji mukuita kwega kwega, kusimba kwekabhoni yechoto chemagetsi kunotarisirwa kudzikiswa ne35.1% muna 2030 kubva 2020,74.7% muna 2040, uye kuwana "pedyo ne zero kabhoni" kunyunguduka mukati. 2050.

nhanganyaya

Iron nesimbi indasitiri tekinoroji, capital, zviwanikwa, indasitiri ine simba rakawanda, asiwo yakakosha indasitiri yehupfumi hwenyika. Kubva pakuvandudzwa nekuvhurwa, indasitiri yesimbi nesimbi yeChina yave kukura nekukurumidza. Kubva 1996, China crude simbi yakabuda yakagara pekutanga pasi rose kwemakore makumi maviri nemanomwe akatevedzana. Kunyanya mumakore achangopfuura, chikamu cheChina crude simbi kugadzirwa munyika chakapfuura 50%, uye crude simbi inobuda muna 2022 ichasvika 1.013 bhiriyoni t.

Indasitiri yesimbi nesimbi inosanganisira zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaindasitiri uye ine hupamhi hwepamusoro. Inobata basa rakakosha mukuvaka hupfumi hwenyika, kusimudzira magariro, mutero wemari, kuvaka kwedziviriro yenyika uye basa rakagadzikana. Icho chiratidzo chakakosha chenhanho yehupfumi hwenyika uye yakazara simba renyika, uye inotsigira zvinobudirira kukurumidza kukura kweGDP yenyika. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakakura-yakakura indasitiri yekugadzirwa kwesimbi yakakonzerawo nhamba huru yeCO₂Kuburitsa gasi reGreenhouse, kusvika pamwero wakati, kunowedzera nhevedzano yezvinetso zvezvipenyu nemhoteredzo zvakadai sekudziya kwepasi. Mukupindura, panhaurirano huru ye75th Session yeUN General Assembly, Secretary General Xi Jinping akapa hurukuro yakakosha akamiririra China uye akakurudzira China CO.₂Emissions ichaedza kuwedzera panosvika 2030 uye kuyedza kuve isina kabhoni panosvika 2060.

Kupindura zvine mutsindo kubato repakati komiti, mumakore achangopfuura, hushumiri hwakasiyana hwakaburitsawo indasitiri kabhoni peak yekumisikidza chirongwa chekusimudzira kusimudzira kwesimbi nesimbi indasitiri yehutungamiri hwemhando uye nhevedzano yemagwaro emitemo, yesimbi nesimbi indasitiri yakazara, yakarongeka, yakasvibira, inogoneka uye yemhando yepamusoro kusimudzira inoisa pamberi yakajeka nhungamiro, iyo yakarongeka inotungamira kuvandudzwa kwese simbi yemagetsi choto nzira yakakosha. Naizvozvo, pasi pemashure e "double kabhoni", bepa rino rinoita ongororo yakarongeka pamatambudziko nematambudziko eiyo pfupi nzira kuvandudzwa kwechoto chemagetsi muChina mune ramangwana, inodiwa chengetedzo-simba rekuchengetedza, modhi yekusimudzira, chimiro chehunyanzvi uye. low-carbon development roadmap.

sum up

1) Nekuda kweiyo China yakakura crude simbi yekugadzira base, iyo indasitiri yesimbi yakatarisana nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya pakudzikisa kabhoni emission. Blast furnace-converter process ndiyo nzira huru yekugadzira simbi muChina, iyo inotora marasha senzira huru yesimba, uye mashandisirwo makuru emarasha akave akanyanya kukosha CO muindasitiri yesimbi nesimbi yeChina.₂emission source. Kusiyana neizvi, gadziriro yechoto yemagetsi ine simba sezvo simba guru repakati rine simba guru rekuderedza kabhoni, uye kurongeka kwekusimudzirwa kwekugadzirwa kwechoto chemagetsi kunokosha zvikuru kune yakaderera-kabhoni uye yakasvibirira shanduko yeindasitiri.

2) Mune ramangwana, China yakapfuma mune zviwanikwa zvesimbi uye ine simba rakakwana rekushandisa. Kana mitemo yakazara yemutero yakashandiswa kutungamira kuyerera kwakanaka kwemidziyo yesimbi kune indasitiri yesimbi, inogona kupa inodiwa zvinhu-simba vimbiso yekuvandudza nzira yeChina yemagetsi. Pamusoro pechikonzero ichi, kufanotaura kwekutanga kunoratidza kuti chikamu chemagetsi echoto muChina chinotarisirwa kusvika 15% ne2030; yakawedzera kusvika ku30% muna 2035; uye ichave nzira huru yekugadzira simbi muChina mushure me2040.

3) Tichifunga kuti mazhinji emavira ekuputika uye midziyo yekugadzira inotsigira haisati yasvika kuhupenyu hwesevhisi, mukuvandudza maitiro, kutsiva rebar uye waya sechoto chidiki uye chepakati nepakati; Panguva imwecheteyo, zvese zvakaraswa simbi-yemagetsi choto, hydrogen metallurgy-yemagetsi choto uye yemagetsi choto-pedyo yekupedzisira kugadzira.

4) inotungamirwa nedzidziso yemetallurgical process engineering, remangwana remagetsi tekinoroji tekinoroji dhizaini kubva pakugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa kuenda ku "matatu mabasa", inofanirwa kusimbisa maitiro ekugadzirisa, yakaderera kabhoni kugadzirwa, green logistics uye tsvina yakapihwa green yakaderera kabhoni tekinoroji yekutsvaga nekusimudzira. uye kushandiswa, uye kuwedzera iyo inogona kuitika yekabhoni yemagetsi muchoto maitiro, kuti indasitiri yesimbi iwane "double carbon" chinangwa chekupa rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi.

5) Kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweiyo yakaderera-kabhoni yekuvandudza nzira yemagetsi muchoto chemagetsi muChina, kubva padanho rekuita, dhizaini remagetsi rine mukana mukuru wekudzikisa kabhoni, uchiteverwa nesimbi yekukungurutsa, kukwenenzvera uye kuenderera kukanda maitiro kune imwe kabhoni. kuderedza kukwanisa; nekushandiswa kweakasiyana siyana ekuderedza kabhoni tekinoroji, iyo kabhoni emission intensity yemagetsi echoto maitiro ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye "padhuze ne zero kabhoni" kunyungudutsa kunotarisirwa kunosvika 2050.