Rwanda
Ibisobanuro birambuye
Carbone ikora ni iki?
Carbone ikora ni ubwoko bwa karubone yatunganijwe kugirango yongere ubuso bwayo kandi yuzuye. Ibi bituma ikora neza, bivuze ko ishobora gukurura no gufata izindi molekile hejuru yacyo. Carbone ikora ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, harimo kweza amazi, kweza ikirere, no kurwanya impumuro. Nibisubizo byubukungu cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye kuko biroroshye kubituruka kandi birashobora gukorwa mubikoresho fatizo byaba ibiti, amakara, cyangwa ibishishwa bya cocout. Buri kintu fatizo gishobora gutanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, ariko muri rusange bizakora kimwe mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Porogaramu ya Carbone ikora
Carbone ikora ni ibintu byoroshye cyane bikoreshwa mugukuraho umwanda mumazi, umwuka, nandi mazi na gaze. Ikorwa no gushyushya ibikoresho kama, nkibiti, ibishishwa bya cocout, cyangwa amakara, iyo ogisijeni idahari. Ubu buryo bukora urusobe rwibintu bito bishobora gutega no gukuraho ibintu bitandukanye byanduza, harimo:
Chlorine
Ibyuma biremereye
Umwanda
Ings Ibinyabuzima bihindagurika (VOC)
Umukungugu
● Indwara
● Hydrogene sulfide
Ox Monoxide
● Amoniya
Ibyuma by'agaciro
Hano hari bimwe mubikoresha karubone ikora.
Ubwoko butandukanye bwa karubone ikora irashobora gukoreshwa mugushungura imyuka. Ifishi yihariye yatoranijwe hashingiwe kubisubizo bigenewe kandi irimo imyenda, pelletised, na granular ikora karubone. Bimwe mubikorwa bizwi cyane byo kweza gaze kuri karubone ikora harimo gukuramo hydrogen sulfide muri gaze karemano no kuyungurura umwuka uhumeka mubice bikonjesha. Muri ubu buryo bwa kabiri, karubone ikora ifasha gukuramo radon numunuko mwuka wazengurutse.
Carbone ikora nayo ikoreshwa mubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, cyane cyane zahabu. Bitewe na kamere ya adsorbent, karubone ikora ikoreshwa mugutandukanya karubone na cyanide mugihe cyanyuma cyo gucukura.
Carbone ikora ikoreshwa murwego rwibiribwa n'ibinyobwa kugirango yongere ubuziranenge, impumuro nziza, nuburyohe bwibiribwa n'ibinyobwa byinshi, harimo umutobe wibanze. Ibijumba birashobora kandi gutaka kandi bigashakishwa ibicuruzwa biva muri byo ukoresheje karubone ikora.
Carbone ikora ikoreshwa mugusukura amazi nkubuvuzi bwibanze na kaminuza. Mu kweza amazi, ikoreshwa rya karubone nifu yifu ikoreshwa. Mu buvuzi bwambere, intego nyamukuru nugukuraho ibice binini no kubigumana. Mu cyiciro cya nyuma cyo gutunganya amazi, karubone ikora ikoreshwa muburyohe no kurwanya umunuko.
Ubwoko bwa Carbone ikora
Hariho ubwoko butanu bwa karubone ikora. Buri kimwe gikwiranye na progaramu runaka kuruta iyindi, kandi hano haribintu nyamukuru bya karubone ikora uzahura nabyo.
Carbon ikora ya karubone ifite ubuso buto bwo hanze kuruta ifu ya karubone ikora bitewe nubunini bwayo bunini. Ubu bwoko bukoreshwa cyane muri deodorizasiyo muri rusange, gutunganya ikirere, no gutunganya amazi.
Iyi ni ifu ya karubone ikora ivanze na binder igahinduka pellet. Pellet isanzwe ikoreshwa mubyiciro bya gaze kuko ifite umukungugu muke, imbaraga zumukanishi, nigabanuka ryumuvuduko muke.
Ubu ni uburyo bwiza bwa karubone ikora, kandi mubisanzwe byongeweho muburyo butunganijwe nko gufata amazi mabi, gushungura imbaraga, hamwe no kubisobanura. Bitewe no gutakaza umutwe bishobora kubaho, ntibikunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho byabigenewe.
Ubu buryo bwa karubone ikora yinjizwamo inorganic nka feza na iyode. Porogaramu nini ya karubone ikora yatewe ni mugusukura amazi meza yo murugo.
Ubu bwoko bwa gatanu bwa karubone ikora nayo yitwa hejuru-yahinduwe ikora ya karubone. Usibye kuba adorptive, irashobora kandi gutangiza no kuzamura imikorere yimiti, bigatuma iba ingirakamaro mugukuraho umwanda mumazi yo kunywa.
Inyungu za Carbone ikora mugutunganya amazi
Mugukoresha amazi meza, karubone ikora itanga inyungu nyinshi kurenza ubundi buryo bushobora gukoreshwa mumwanya wabyo. Hano hari inyungu enye zingenzi zo gukoresha karubone ikora mugutunganya amazi.
Nkuko byavuzwe, amakara akoreshwa akurura kandi akagumana umwanda. Iyi miterere ya adsorptive ituma bishoboka ko ikuraho neza umubare munini wanduye wubwoko butandukanye nubunini mumazi.
Iyo ubwoko bwiza bwamakara bwakoreshejwe bishyizwe mubikorwa, birashoboka kunoza uburyohe bwamazi kurwego rugaragara. Impumuro nayo igenzurwa neza ukoresheje karubone ikora.
Impamvu ituma karubone ikora ikundwa cyane mugusukura amazi ni ukubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukuramo kimwe cyangwa bibiri gusa, ariko nibice byinshi. Ibi bituma ikora neza kandi ihendutse kuyikoresha, imico uruganda urwo arirwo rwose rwoza amazi rwaba rushimishijwe kubwimitwe yarwo hamwe nubwiza bwumusaruro.
Carbone ikora ni iyo kwizerwa bidasanzwe kandi ikora neza. Igihe cyose ingingo zose zifatika zitaweho, harikibazo gito cyane cyo gutsindwa mugihe hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye. Nibisubizo byageragejwe kandi byapimwe byateye imbere mugihe kugirango bibe uburyo busanzwe murwego rwo kweza amazi.
Ikoreshwa rya Carbone V / s Amakara yakoreshejwe
Carbone ikora hamwe namakara yakoreshejwe byombi nibikoresho byoroshye bikoreshwa mugushungura umwanda mumazi numwuka. Ariko, hari itandukaniro rito hagati yibikoresho byombi. Carbone ikora ikorwa mugukoresha ibikoresho bya karubone kubushyuhe bwinshi no kuvura imiti, mugihe amakara akoreshwa atangwa gusa no gutwika ibikoresho bya karubone mugihe ogisijeni idahari. Carbone ikora nayo irasa cyane kuruta amakara yakoreshejwe, bigatuma akora neza mugushungura umwanda.
Gutanga ibipimo bikwiye kuri buri porogaramu, Sodimate itanga ibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bikoresha ibikoresho bya karubone byashizweho ukurikije imiterere yo gusaba. Kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza igihe cyo gutera sorbent, Sodimate itanga inkunga kuri sisitemu zose zikoreshwa za porojeri zikoreshwa mu gutera inshinge zumye kandi zitose. Vugana nabahanga bacu uyumunsi kugirango ubone ubufasha mugushushanya ibikoresho bya karubone bikora neza kubihingwa byawe.
Ibibazo
Carbone ikora ikorwa mugukoresha ibikoresho bya karubone kubushyuhe bwinshi no kuvura imiti. Gukora kumubiri bikubiyemo gushyushya ibikoresho, mugihe gukora imiti bikubiyemo kubatera inshinge hanyuma bigashyushya. Carbone yimikorere iterwa no kuvura karubone ikora hamwe nindi miti.
Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano
Mu 1985, Datong Lokomotive Works yatahuye ko moteri y’amashanyarazi aricyo cyerekezo cy’iterambere cy’inganda za gari ya moshi n’Ubushinwa mu gihe kiri imbere, maze ishyira ahagaragara igitekerezo cy’ibikorwa by’ibikorwa bya "Nanzhu (Zhuzhou Electric Lokomotive Works) na Datong Lokomotive Work".
Shaoshan Ubwoko bwa lokomoteri yo mu bwoko bwa 3 nigisekuru cyanjye cya kabiri mugihugu cyanjye 6-axe itwara abagenzi hamwe na moteri. Lokomoteri ifata ikiraro-cyuzuye cyuzuye-ikosora kandi ikamenya icyiciro cya thyristor igenzurwa neza na voltage igenga. Lokomoteri ifata sisitemu imwe ya AC 25kV 50Hz ya voltage kandi ifite umuvuduko ntarengwa wa 100km / h.
SS3B yashizwemo na moteri iremereye cyane yamashanyarazi ni moteri ya 12-imizigo yamashanyarazi. Igizwe na lokomoteri ebyiri zisa 6-zihujwe na kuperi hamwe nikirahure. Ibice byombi bifite ibikoresho bya sisitemu yumuriro mwinshi-uhuza, insinga zo kugenzura, hamwe nu kurinda imiyoboro. Imiyoboro hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura imiyoboro. Ikinyabiziga cyose kirashobora kugenzurwa icyarimwe kuva cab. Lokomoteri ikoresha sisitemu imwe yumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wa voltage, voltage 25kV, imiyoboro ya AC-DC, kandi umuvuduko ntarengwa wo gukora wa lokomoteri ni 100km / h.
Shaoshan 4 yateje imbere amashanyarazi ni moteri ya 8-axe yimodoka. Lokomoteri igizwe na lokomoteri ebyiri zisa zisa zihujwe na kuperi hamwe nikirahure. Amahugurwa yombi afite ibikoresho bihuza amashanyarazi menshi kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, insinga zo guhuza imiyoboro hamwe na feri yo kugenzura feri yo mu kirere. Ikinyabiziga cyose kirashobora kugenzurwa mugihe kimwe cyabashoferi ba kinyabiziga kimwe. Lokomoteri ebyiri nazo zirashobora gutandukana kandi zigakoreshwa mu bwigenge nka moteri enye.