Pofuna kuyankha mwachangu ku "chandamale chapawiri-carbon" chomwe dzikolo likufuna, maunduna ndi makomiti osiyanasiyana apereka zikalata zingapo zamakampani opanga chitsulo ndi zitsulo, ndipo adawonetsa momveka bwino kuti chitukuko cha ng'anjo yamagetsi yazitsulo zonse. ndondomeko ayenera kutsogoleredwa mwadongosolo ndi wololera, ndi kulimbikitsa wobiriwira ndi otsika mpweya kusintha makampani chitsulo ndi zitsulo. M'nkhaniyi, choyamba, malinga ndi deta yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu yazitsulo zachitsulo zosungunula ndi zowonongeka zomwe zimawerengedwa ku China Energy Statistical Yearbook, mpweya wa carbon, mpweya wa carbon, kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon ndi kuchotsedwa kwa carbon sequestration chifukwa cha mafakitale a zitsulo ku China kuyambira 1991 mpaka. 2021 amawerengedwa mwatsatanetsatane, ndi CO ya China zitsulo makampani kusanthula Emission status; CO chifukwa cha njira yayitali komanso mabizinesi amfupi opanga zitsulo_.

Zomwe zimapangidwira zimawerengedwera kuti zifufuze kusiyana kwa mpweya wa carbon wa njira ziwirizi, kuwerengera mphamvu yochepetsera mpweya wa ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi, ndikuwonetsa kuti chitukuko choyenera ndi cholongosoka cha ndondomeko ya ng'anjo yamagetsi ndiyo njira yaikulu yosinthira ndi kukweza. zamakampani azitsulo m'tsogolomu. Kuphatikizana ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa pamakampani azitsulo, zovuta ndi zovuta pakupanga ndondomeko ya ng'anjo yamagetsi ku China zimakonzedwa, ndipo poganizira mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa, kafukufukuyu amachokera ku mbali zitatu za chitetezo cha gwero-mphamvu, chitukuko. mode ndi luso kapangidwe zofunika pa chitukuko cha ng'anjo magetsi, ndi njira kuthana ndi amaperekedwa.

Pamaziko a kafukufuku pamwamba, kusanthula awiri mpweya chitsanzo cha China magetsi ng'anjo ndondomeko amamangidwa, ndi otsika mpweya chitukuko msewu wa China magetsi ng'anjo ndondomeko amatengedwa magawo awiri a ndondomeko ndi nthawi motero. Zimapezeka kuti mphamvu yochepetsera mpweya wa ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi njira yopangira zitsulo ndiyo yaikulu kwambiri, yomwe imawerengera 40,7% ndi 36.7% ya mphamvu yochepetsera mpweya wa ndondomeko yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa carbon low munjira iliyonse, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa ng'anjo yamagetsi kukuyembekezeka kuchepetsedwa ndi 35.1% mu 2030 kuyambira 2020,74.7% mu 2040, ndikukwaniritsa "pafupifupi zero carbon" 2050.

mawu oyamba

Iron ndi zitsulo makampani ndi luso, likulu, chuma, makampani mphamvu kwambiri, komanso zofunika zofunika makampani a zachuma dziko. Chiyambireni kusintha ndi kutsegula, mafakitale achitsulo ndi zitsulo aku China akukula mofulumira. Kuyambira 1996, kutulutsa kwazitsulo zaku China kwakhala koyamba padziko lonse lapansi kwa zaka 27 zotsatizana. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, gawo la kupanga zitsulo ku China padziko lonse lapansi ladutsa 50%, ndipo zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mu 2022 zidzafika pa 1.013 biliyoni t.

Makampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo amaphatikizapo mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndipo ali ndi mgwirizano wapamwamba. Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakumanga chuma cha dziko, chitukuko cha anthu, msonkho wa ndalama, kumanga chitetezo cha dziko ndi ntchito yokhazikika. Ndichizindikiro chofunikira pazachuma cha dziko lonse komanso mphamvu zonse za dziko, ndipo zimathandizira bwino kukula kwa GDP ya dziko. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, ntchito yaikulu yopanga zitsulo zazitsulo zachititsanso kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha CO₂Kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, kumlingo wina, kumawonjezera mavuto angapo azachilengedwe komanso zachilengedwe monga kutentha kwa dziko. Poyankha, pamsonkhano waukulu wa Msonkhano Wachigawo wa 75 wa UN General Assembly, Mlembi Wamkulu Xi Jinping adalankhula m'malo mwa China ndipo adapempha bungwe la CO.₂Kutulutsa mpweya kudzayesetsa kukwera kwambiri pofika 2030 ndikuyesetsa kusalowerera ndale pofika 2060.

Kuyankha mwachangu ku komiti yapakati ya chipani, m'zaka zaposachedwa, mautumiki osiyanasiyana adatulutsanso ndondomeko yokhazikitsidwa ndi mafakitale kaboni pachimake pakulimbikitsa chitukuko chaupangiri wamakampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo ndi mndandanda wazinthu zamalamulo, chifukwa chamakampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo athunthu, Chitukuko chogwirizana, chobiriwira, chokhazikika komanso chapamwamba chimayika chitsogozo chomveka bwino, chomwe chimawongolera mwadongosolo kupanga njira zonse zopangira ng'anjo yamagetsi yazitsulo ndi njira yofunikira. Choncho, pansi pa maziko a "carbon iwiri", pepala ili likuchita kafukufuku mwatsatanetsatane pa zovuta ndi mavuto a yochepa ndondomeko chitukuko cha ng'anjo magetsi ku China m'tsogolo, chofunika gwero-mphamvu chitetezo, chitsanzo chitukuko, kapangidwe luso ndi njira yachitukuko cha carbon low.

mwachidule

1) Chifukwa cha mbiri yakale yaku China yopanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, makampani azitsulo akukumana ndi mavuto akulu pakuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon. Kuphulika kwa ng'anjo yotembenuza ng'anjo ndiyo njira yaikulu yopangira zitsulo ku China, yomwe imatenga malasha ngati sing'anga yaikulu yamagetsi, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa malasha kwakhala CO yofunika kwambiri pamakampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo ku China.₂emission source. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, njira ya ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi mphamvu monga mphamvu yaikulu yamagetsi imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zochepetsera mpweya, ndipo kukwezedwa mwadongosolo kwa chitukuko cha ng'anjo yamagetsi ndi yofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwa carbon ndi zobiriwira zamakampani.

2) M'tsogolomu, China ili ndi chuma chachitsulo chosasunthika ndipo ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira. Ngati ndondomeko za msonkho wathunthu zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ziwongolere kayendetsedwe kake kazitsulo zazitsulo kumakampani azitsulo, zitha kupereka chitsimikizo champhamvu chamagetsi pakupanga njira ya ng'anjo yamagetsi ya China. Pazifukwa izi, kuneneratu koyambirira kukuwonetsa kuti gawo la ng'anjo yamagetsi ku China likuyembekezeka kufika 15% pofika 2030; chinawonjezeka kufika 30% mu 2035; ndipo idzakhala njira yayikulu yopangira zitsulo ku China pambuyo pa 2040.

3) Poganizira kuti ng'anjo zambiri zophulika ndi zida zothandizira zopangira sizinafike pa moyo wautumiki, mu chitukuko, m'malo mwa rebar ndi waya ngati ng'anjo yaing'ono ndi yapakatikati; Pa nthawi yomweyo, zonse zinyalala zitsulo-magetsi ng'anjo, haidrojeni zitsulo-magetsi ng'anjo ndi ng'anjo magetsi-pafupi komaliza kupanga.

4) motsogozedwa ndi chiphunzitso cha metallurgical process engineering, tsogolo la ng'anjo yamagetsi yopangira ng'anjo yamagetsi kuchokera kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi "ntchito zitatu", ziyenera kulimbikitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa njira, kupanga mpweya wochepa, zinthu zobiriwira ndi zinyalala zomwe zimapatsidwa kafukufuku wobiriwira waukadaulo ndi chitukuko. ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikukulitsa njira yopangira ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi, kuti makampani azitsulo akwaniritse cholinga cha "carbon double" kuti apereke chithandizo chaukadaulo.

5) Kupyolera mu kuwunika kwa njira yochepetsera mpweya wamagetsi opangira ng'anjo yamagetsi ku China, kuchokera pamlingo wa ng'anjo yamagetsi, njira yopangira ng'anjo yamagetsi ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kochepetsera mpweya, kutsatiridwa ndi kugubuduza chitsulo, kuyenga ndi kuponyera kosalekeza kumakhala ndi mpweya wina. kuchepetsa kuthekera; Pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje osiyanasiyana ochepetsera mpweya, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa ng'anjo yamagetsi kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kusungunula "pafupi ndi zero carbon" kukuyembekezeka cha m'ma 2050.